The EU recorded a €359.8 billion trade deficit with China in 2025, according to Eurostat, as imports exceeded exports.

Overview Of The Trade Imbalance

EU exports to China totaled €199.6 billion, while imports reached €559.4 billion. The gap reflects higher demand for Chinese goods across EU markets. Trade flows show a significant difference between export and import volumes.

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Shifts In Trade Dynamics

Compared with 2024, EU exports to China declined by 6.5%, while imports increased by 6.4%. Over a longer period, trade volumes have expanded since 2015. Exports rose by 37.1% from €145.6 billion, while imports increased by 89.0% from €295.9 billion over the same period.

Key Export Sectors

Machinery and mechanical appliances accounted for €45.3 billion, or 22.7% of EU exports to China. Electrical machinery followed at €29.0 billion (14.5%), with vehicles contributing €16.4 billion (8.2%). Other sectors include optical and precision instruments at €15.1 billion (7.5%) and pharmaceuticals at €13.6 billion (6.8%). Combined, these five categories represent 59.8% of exports.

Dominance In Import Categories

Electrical machinery and related equipment accounted for €164.9 billion, or 29.5% of EU imports from China. Machinery and mechanical appliances followed at €106.5 billion (19.0%). Additional categories include organic chemicals, vehicles, and furniture-related products. Together, these five groups represent 63.8% of imports.