Overview Of The Sector Growth
Recent Eurostat data show continued growth in Europe’s science and technology workforce. In 2025, more than 81.6 million people aged 15 to 74 were employed in science and technology occupations across the European Union, representing a 1.8% increase compared with 2024 and a 25.3% rise over the past decade.
Cyprus recorded a similar trend, with women accounting for 51.8% of the science and technology workforce, slightly below the EU average but still among member states where women represent a majority of employees in the sector.
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Women’s Representation And Its Implications
Women accounted for 52.5% of the science and technology workforce across the EU, representing approximately 42.8 million workers. Service activities remained the largest area of employment for women in the sector. Their share increased by 2.3% compared with the previous year and by 27.9% since 2015, equivalent to an increase of 9.3 million workers. The figures reflect the continued growth of female participation across science and technology occupations over the past decade.
Persistent Gender Imbalance In Specialized Roles
Despite representing a majority of the overall science and technology workforce, women remained less represented in specialist positions such as scientists and engineers. In 2025, women accounted for 40.8% of scientists and engineers across the European Union, an increase of 0.5 percentage points compared with 2015. At the same time, the number of women employed in these professions rose from 5.3 million in 2015 to 8.2 million in 2025, representing a growth of 54.4%. Germany recorded the largest number of scientists and engineers in the EU, with 4.2 million people employed in these occupations.
Regional Variations Across Europe
Disparities are also evident at the regional level. Latvia, for instance, recorded the highest share of women in science and technology at 62.4%, followed by Hungary’s Great Plain and North region (61.1%) and Estonia (60.5%). In contrast, Corsica in France reported only 42.7%, with Malta and Italy’s Centre region trailing at 46.0% and 47.2% respectively. These variations signal the need for tailored policies to address local challenges while promoting a unified approach toward gender inclusivity across the EU.
Conclusion
Eurostat data show continued growth in science and technology employment across Europe, alongside rising female participation in the sector. Women represented a majority of the overall science and technology workforce in 2025, although their share among scientists and engineers remained lower than in the broader sector. The latest figures provide a snapshot of how employment patterns across science and technology occupations have evolved over the past decade.
