Saudi Arabia Unveils $100 Billion Mining Investment To Boost Critical Mineral Production

by THEFUTURE.TEAM

January 16, 2025

At the Future Minerals Forum in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia unveiled an ambitious $100 billion investment aimed at transforming the global mining industry. The kingdom is positioning itself as a key player in the supply of critical minerals essential for energy transition technologies, including lithium, copper, gold, and rare earth elements. This strategic push is part of Saudi Arabia’s broader plan to diversify its economy and reduce dependence on oil.

Khalid al-Mudaifer, Deputy Minister of Mining Affairs, revealed that $20 billion of the planned investment is already advancing through its final engineering phase or is under construction. While details on the full scope of the project remain limited, the focus is on boosting exploration for key minerals such as lithium, copper, zinc, and nickel.

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Earlier in 2024, the Ministry of Industry and Mineral Resources updated its estimate of the value of untapped mineral resources, increasing the figure from $1.3 trillion to $2.5 trillion. This upward revision is largely driven by recent discoveries of these critical resources. In conjunction with this, the Saudi government launched a $182 million incentive program to further encourage mineral exploration and development.

Strategic Partnerships And New Discoveries

Saudi oil giant Aramco has partnered with state-owned mining company Ma’aden to jointly explore and extract minerals essential for the energy transition. Aramco’s collaboration extends to lithium exploration, with the company identifying promising lithium concentrations in its operating regions.

Energy Minister Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman highlighted that Aramco’s involvement in mining, particularly lithium extraction, marks a departure from previous assumptions about the company’s focus. “Aramco can be a diversified company, and its mandate has no limits,” said bin Salman, underscoring the kingdom’s forward-thinking approach.

A key player in this strategy is Manara, a joint venture between Ma’aden and the Public Investment Fund (PIF), designed to invest in mining assets globally and strengthen sustainable supply chains. The venture aims to diversify Saudi Arabia’s mining operations and ensure access to the resources necessary for a successful energy transition.

Ambitious Timeline And Market Impact

The kingdom anticipates lithium production could commence as soon as 2027, with collaborations expected to accelerate the process. Lithium, a crucial component for electric vehicle batteries, is in high demand, and Saudi Arabia aims to become a central hub for processing critical minerals, competing with China, which currently dominates two-thirds of the lithium processing market.

In a breakthrough, Saudi Arabia recently confirmed the successful extraction of lithium from brine samples in Aramco’s oil fields. A joint venture with Ma’aden and local lithium extraction startup, Lithium Infinity, is now working on launching a commercial pilot program for direct extraction.

This bold move signals Saudi Arabia’s determination to play a pivotal role in the future of global mining, tapping into resources that will fuel both its economy and the world’s transition to cleaner energy technologies.

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Modernizing Cypriot Agriculture: Strategic Reforms for a Sustainable Future

by THEFUTURE.TEAM

October 14, 2025

Overview: Embracing Change in a Challenging Landscape

In an era defined by rapid change and emerging challenges, the Department of Agriculture is spearheading a dynamic modernization of Cypriot agriculture. This initiative aims to enhance the sector’s competitiveness and long-term sustainability, acknowledging agriculture’s pivotal role in the economy, environmental stewardship, and the social fabric of rural communities.

Economic Impact and Structural Shifts

Despite agriculture contributing a modest 1.8% to GDP and engaging 3.4% of the workforce, its influence expands significantly when including the food processing industry—accounting for 6% of GDP, 11% of employment, and 30% of exports. However, current statistics reveal that of the 28,782 agricultural holdings averaging 4.5 hectares per applicant, a staggering 85% are small-scale farms under 5 hectares, covering only 28% of the total land area.

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Addressing an Aging Workforce and Evolving Challenges

One of the sector’s most pressing issues is the aging farmer demographic. With an average age of 63 and 76% of farm operators aged over 55, only a trace 0.4% have received comprehensive agricultural training. This workforce challenge is compounded by structural changes that have emerged following Cyprus’s integration into the European Union. The reduction of protectionist measures, abolition of price supports, and a shift towards market-oriented policies have significantly transformed the operational landscape of the primary sector.

Climate Change and Risk Management Initiatives

Cypriot agriculture is increasingly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change, including heavy rainfall, drought, and extreme weather events that diminish both the productivity and quality of crops. In response, the Department has implemented a new Risk Management System funded by national resources. This system, operating as a safety net for producers through targeted programs and the Agricultural Production Protection and Insurance Fund, is designed to mitigate risks and preserve the viability of the sector.

Strategic Direction Through 2029

A comprehensive study on agricultural development has paved the way for a new strategic framework approved on October 2, 2024. Covering the period 2024–2029, the initiative encompasses 11 key actions focused on professionalizing the farming community. Among the priorities are boosting green competitiveness, fostering entrepreneurship, enhancing livestock practices, introducing innovative financing tools, and elevating product quality and certification standards. The strategy also emphasizes vocational training and the institutionalization of farmer support mechanisms.

Enhancing Market Identity and Expanding Opportunities

Efforts are underway to promote high value-added products, including those registered under the Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) and Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) schemes. To date, 13 Cypriot products—including Halooumi, Loukoumi Geroskipou, and Pafitiko Loukaniko—have been registered in the EU. Additional measures such as establishing a Cypriot product label and combating unfair commercial practices further reinforce the unique identity and market presence of local products. Innovations such as the e-Kofini price observatory for horticultural produce and new financing initiatives for emerging farmers underscore the sector’s commitment to modernization.

EU Common Agricultural Policy and Financial Support

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) remains a cornerstone of support for the sector. The Strategic CAP Plan 2023–2027, with a total budget of €455 million (including €378 million from the EU), allocates significant funds for direct payments, sector-specific interventions, and rural development initiatives. To date, over €119 million has been disbursed, bolstering the sector through direct subsidies and recovery measures designed to train a new generation of agricultural professionals.

The Future of Cypriot Agriculture

At a critical juncture, Cypriot agriculture is poised for transformative change. By integrating national initiatives with European resources, the sector is charting a course toward a more sustainable, competitive, and outward-looking future. These strategic reforms are not only essential for revitalizing the primary sector but are also fundamental to preserving the cultural and economic heritage of rural Cyprus.

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