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Investment Management Landscape In Q2 2025: Declining Firms And Stable Asset Performance

Overview Of The Industry

The latest quarterly report from the Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission highlights a notable contraction in the number of collective investment management firms. At the end of the second quarter of 2025, a total of 319 management companies were registered, down 2.74% from the 328 firms recorded in the corresponding period of 2024.

Asset Under Management And Performance

Collective investment schemes reported a total managed asset value of €10.6 billion, reflecting a marginal decline of 1.03% compared to the first quarter of 2025. The net asset value currently stands at €9.8 billion, underscoring a steady yet subdued market performance.

Managerial Composition And Structure

Of the 319 entities, 222 are externally managed, 30 are managed internally, and 67 are operated by external managers. The total cohort comprises 45 DOEEE, another 45 operating below regulatory thresholds, 2 OSEK-controlled management companies, and 5 firms holding dual licenses (DOEEE and OSEK-controlled).

Investment Allocation Breakdown

The distribution of assets reflects a diverse investment strategy. Specifically, 62% of the assets are sourced from DOEEE, 17% derive from a combination of DOEEE and OSEK-managed companies, 11% from solely OSEK-managed firms, 9% from lower-threshold DOEEE, and 1% from OSE under management by non-Cypriot firms. Furthermore, 85.7% of OSEK’s assets are invested in securities, 9.1% in OSEK and OSE shares, and 4.1% in bank deposits.

Further Insights Into Sectoral Allocations

Asset allocation among OEEE, OEEE-PAP, and KOEEE indicates a targeted approach, with 31.6% invested in private equity, 17.8% in real estate, 10.3% in hedging strategies, and the remaining 30.6% spread across other asset classes. The private equity segment itself is diversified into multiple strategies (33.7%), growth capital (31.1%), entrepreneurial investments (16.2%), and mezzanine financing (4.4%). Additionally, other investments are allocated with 38.2% in equity capital, 14.4% in fixed-income securities, 6.6% in cash equivalents, alongside investments in infrastructure (2.9%) and commodities (2%).

Domestic Focus And Investor Demographics

Approximately 73.7% of the assets are managed by 208 Cypriot OSE entities, which include 12 OSEK, 54 OEEE, 40 OEEE-PAP, and 102 KOEEE. Out of 230 active OSE firms, 170 deploy investments partially or wholly in Cyprus, with total investments exceeding €2.75 billion and representing 25.89% of overall assets. Notably, these are predominantly focused on private equity (70.4%) with a significant allocation also in real estate (13.3%). On the investor front, private investors command a staggering 99.1% of OSEK’s base (totaling 8,819 investors), while among the 3,639 investors in OEEE, OEEE-PAP, and KOEEE, 62.9% are well-informed, 25.3% are professional, and 11.8% are private individuals.

Sector Specific Performance

Sector-wise, the assets under management recorded €446.1 million in Energy (4.2%), €106.3 million in Financial Technology (1%), €581.7 million in Shipping (5.47%), and €96.5 million in Sustainable Investments (0.91%) during the second quarter of 2025. These figures underscore a measured yet diverse approach to sectoral investments across the board.

Copyright Law Struggles To Keep Up With AI Training

Courts Are Still Applying Old Copyright Rules To AI

AI companies train models on enormous amounts of published material, including books, articles and academic research. Whether using that content without authors’ permission violates copyright law remains unresolved.

Much of the debate centres on fair use, which allows copyrighted material to be used without permission in certain circumstances. Courts consider factors such as the purpose of the use, how much material was involved and its impact on the original market.

Anthropic Case Sets An Important Precedent

A major case involving Anthropic and a group of authors provided one of the clearest rulings so far. Judge William Alsup found that using copyrighted books to train AI models was lawful, comparing the process to people reading and studying literature before creating something new.

Anthropic was nevertheless ordered to pay $1.5 billion in a settlement. The penalty concerned books the company had obtained from illegal online libraries rather than the AI training itself.

For AI companies, that distinction could prove significant because it separates studying copyrighted material from directly copying it.

Competition Could Be The Key Issue

A case involving Thomson Reuters and Ross Intelligence offers a different perspective. A court ruled that Ross could not claim fair use after using Reuters’ copyrighted material to develop a competing AI-powered legal research platform.

The decision suggests courts may be less willing to consider AI training fair use when copyrighted content is used to build a product that directly competes with the original.

For authors, an unresolved question is whether AI-generated content should be considered competition for the works used to train these models.

The Law Has Yet To Catch Up

US copyright law predates generative AI by decades, leaving courts to apply old principles to new technology. Questions also remain over copyright protection for AI-generated works. In Thaler v. Perlmutter, a court ruled that material created entirely by AI cannot receive copyright protection.

Major AI companies remain involved in copyright litigation, and different courts could reach different conclusions. For now, there is no universal rule: the legality of AI training will depend on the circumstances of each case and how courts ultimately interpret copyright and fair use.

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