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Greek Labor Minister Outlines Dual Minimum Wage Increases Through 2028

Greek Labor Minister Giannis Panagiotou confirmed that the national minimum wage is set for two revisions before 2028. The first revision, expected to be decreed in December 2025 and take effect in January 2026, marks a definitive step following the parliamentary Economic Committee’s review of the Ministry of Labor’s 2026 budget. A second revision is anticipated in December 2027, with its implementation planned for 2028.

Economic Outlook And Advisory Process

The minister stated unequivocally that an increase in the minimum wage is guaranteed from January 2026. Although details regarding the scale of the adjustment remain forthcoming pending further consultations with the advisory committee, the plan reflects optimism about the positive trajectory of the national economy. Notably, approximately 55,000 workers who receive the minimum wage are expected to benefit.

European Directive Compliance And Wage Adequacy

In addition to establishing the timeline for wage increases, the minister emphasized steps toward complying with the European directive on wage adequacy, recently upheld by the European Court of Justice. Social partners will soon be invited to the inaugural meeting of the advisory committee dedicated to revising the minimum wage, underscoring the collaborative approach taken in these adjustments.

Legislative Measures And Pension Reform

Looking ahead, the first quarter of 2026 is set to witness the submission of an action plan on wage adequacy to the European Commission, followed by the introduction of legislation in Parliament to transpose the directive. Additionally, considerations such as the treatment of arrears for the minimum wage will cover the two preceding years cumulatively. In a related move, the minister assured that drafts for pension reform will be submitted later this year, with the reforms expected to be implemented by 2027.

Cyprus Government Surplus Rises To €1.61 Billion In First Nine Months Of 2026

Cyprus recorded a general government surplus of €1.61 billion in the first nine months of 2026, equal to 4.0% of gross domestic product, as revenue growth outpaced the rise in public spending. Higher receipts from income taxes, social contributions and value-added tax (VAT) drove the improvement, while lower capital expenditure helped restrain spending.

Preliminary figures released Tuesday by the Statistical Service of Cyprus show the surplus rose to €1.17 billion, or 3.0% of GDP, up from € 442.1 million in the same period of 2025.

Total government revenue increased 6.5% to €12.09 billion, while expenditure rose 2.9% to €10.48 billion.

Key Fiscal MeasureJanuary–September 2025January–September 2026
Total revenue€11,353.9 million€12,091.8 million
Total expenditure€10,186.2 million€10,482.1 million
Government surplus€1,167.6 million€1,609.7 million
Surplus as a share of GDP3.0%4.0%

Income Taxes And VAT Lead Revenue Growth

Taxes on income and wealth made the largest contribution to the increase in revenue. Receipts in this category climbed by €442.2 million, or 15.3%, to €3.34 billion, compared with €2.89 billion a year earlier.

Social contributions rose by €235 million, or 6.6%, to €3.78 billion. Taxes on production and imports increased by €251.5 million, or 7.2%, reaching €3.77 billion.

Net VAT receipts, after refunds, totalled €2.64 billion, up €293.1 million, or 12.5%, from €2.35 billion in the first nine months of 2025.

Some Revenue Streams Decline

Not all revenue categories moved higher. Capital transfers fell by €74.6 million to €96.7 million, while current transfers declined by €71.6 million, or 20.5%, to €278.2 million.

Revenue from services slipped 1.0% to €743.5 million. Interest and dividend receipts dropped by €37 million, or 28.6%, to €92.4 million.

Social Benefits And Personnel Costs Increase

On the expenditure side, social benefits rose by €199.6 million, or 4.9%, to €4.27 billion. Compensation of employees—which includes imputed social contributions and public-sector pensions—increased by €108.3 million, or 3.8%, to €2.99 billion.

Intermediate consumption, covering goods and services used in the delivery of public services, rose by €114.3 million, or 11.0%, to €1.16 billion. Interest payments increased by €8.7 million, or 2.6%, to €340.7 million. Current transfers were up €68.7 million, or 10.6%, at €714.7 million.

Lower Capital Spending Limits Expenditure Growth

The overall increase in spending was tempered by a decline in capital expenditure. Capital-account spending fell by €189.9 million, or 16.9%, to €936.2 million from €1.13 billion in the same period last year.

Investment in fixed capital declined by €94.1 million, or 12.1%, to €686.4 million. Other capital transfers fell by €95.8 million, or 27.7%, to €249.8 million. Subsidies also decreased, dropping by €13.9 million, or 15.5%, to €75.8 million.

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