Global energy consumption soared in 2024, surpassing the entire previous decade, driven by a surge in electricity demand and declining oil use, as reported by the International Energy Agency (IEA).
Key Insights
Energy demand increased by 2.2% in 2024, nearly double the average rise between 2013 and 2023.
Oil demand fell below 30% for the first time in 50 years, marking a significant shift.
Electricity usage climbed over 4%, equating to more than Japan’s annual consumption—an all-time high outside recession recovery years.
The electricity boom is attributed to increased usage of cooling systems due to record temperatures, growing industrial needs, data centers, AI, and transport electrification.
Impactful Trends
IEA Chief Fatih Birol noted the rapid growth in electricity use has reversed the trend of declining energy consumption in developed economies.
Cyprus recorded a general government surplus of €1.61 billion in the first nine months of 2026, equal to 4.0% of gross domestic product, as revenue growth outpaced the rise in public spending. Higher receipts from income taxes, social contributions and value-added tax (VAT) drove the improvement, while lower capital expenditure helped restrain spending.
Preliminary figures released Tuesday by the Statistical Service of Cyprus show the surplus rose to €1.17 billion, or 3.0% of GDP, up from € 442.1 million in the same period of 2025.
Total government revenue increased 6.5% to €12.09 billion, while expenditure rose 2.9% to €10.48 billion.
Key Fiscal Measure
January–September 2025
January–September 2026
Total revenue
€11,353.9 million
€12,091.8 million
Total expenditure
€10,186.2 million
€10,482.1 million
Government surplus
€1,167.6 million
€1,609.7 million
Surplus as a share of GDP
3.0%
4.0%
Income Taxes And VAT Lead Revenue Growth
Taxes on income and wealth made the largest contribution to the increase in revenue. Receipts in this category climbed by €442.2 million, or 15.3%, to €3.34 billion, compared with €2.89 billion a year earlier.
Social contributions rose by €235 million, or 6.6%, to €3.78 billion. Taxes on production and imports increased by €251.5 million, or 7.2%, reaching €3.77 billion.
Net VAT receipts, after refunds, totalled €2.64 billion, up €293.1 million, or 12.5%, from €2.35 billion in the first nine months of 2025.
Some Revenue Streams Decline
Not all revenue categories moved higher. Capital transfers fell by €74.6 million to €96.7 million, while current transfers declined by €71.6 million, or 20.5%, to €278.2 million.
Revenue from services slipped 1.0% to €743.5 million. Interest and dividend receipts dropped by €37 million, or 28.6%, to €92.4 million.
Social Benefits And Personnel Costs Increase
On the expenditure side, social benefits rose by €199.6 million, or 4.9%, to €4.27 billion. Compensation of employees—which includes imputed social contributions and public-sector pensions—increased by €108.3 million, or 3.8%, to €2.99 billion.
Intermediate consumption, covering goods and services used in the delivery of public services, rose by €114.3 million, or 11.0%, to €1.16 billion. Interest payments increased by €8.7 million, or 2.6%, to €340.7 million. Current transfers were up €68.7 million, or 10.6%, at €714.7 million.
Lower Capital Spending Limits Expenditure Growth
The overall increase in spending was tempered by a decline in capital expenditure. Capital-account spending fell by €189.9 million, or 16.9%, to €936.2 million from €1.13 billion in the same period last year.
Investment in fixed capital declined by €94.1 million, or 12.1%, to €686.4 million. Other capital transfers fell by €95.8 million, or 27.7%, to €249.8 million. Subsidies also decreased, dropping by €13.9 million, or 15.5%, to €75.8 million.
Manage Cookie Consent
We use cookies to enhance your browsing experience. By clicking "Accept All", you consent to our use of cookies. Privacy Policy
Functional
Always active
The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network.
Preferences
The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user.
Statistics
The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes.The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you.
Marketing
The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes.
