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Expert Urges Structural Reform In Cyprus’ Electricity Pricing Model

by THEFUTURE.TEAM

June 30, 2025

Urgency For A Pricing Overhaul

Energy systems expert and former Cyprus Energy Regulatory Authority chairman, Andreas Poullikkas, has underscored the imperative need to decouple renewable energy prices from the volatile fossil fuel market. As Cyprus positions itself to implement the European Target Model, this transformative step is poised to harmonize the nation’s energy policies with broader EU directives.

Unique Market Challenges

Cyprus faces distinct hurdles given its small market size, energy isolation, limited interconnection with the European grid, and heavy dependence on imported fossil fuels. Poullikkas emphasizes that these structural peculiarities can facilitate market power abuse and artificially drive up electricity prices, thereby undermining the stability and fairness of the market.

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Decoupling Prices: A Strategic Imperative

Highlighting vulnerabilities exposed during the dry-run phase of recent market reforms, Poullikkas advocates for segregating renewable pricing from conventional unit fluctuations. This adjustment is essential to foster transparency, mitigate systemic risks, and ultimately stabilize the electricity market.

Proven Mechanisms To Mitigate Volatility

Poullikkas proposes the introduction of two well-established mechanisms: the ex-ante market power mitigation and the price shock absorber. The ex-ante measure, widely applied in US markets such as PJM, NYISO, CAISO, and ERCOT, leverages default energy bids based on short-run marginal cost. Any deviation beyond set thresholds automatically triggers corrective actions.

Conversely, the price shock absorber mechanism, a response to the 2022 energy crisis, continuously monitors renewable energy sources. When the accumulated inframarginal rent exceeds predefined multiples of the levelised fixed cost, the system imposes a temporary cap on conventional generation pricing, thereby decoupling the impact of soaring fossil fuel prices while allowing for adequate cost recovery.

Safeguarding Long-Term Investments

These corrective mechanisms are strictly confined to the day-ahead market, preserving the integrity of long-term contracts and forward market operations. This selective intervention ensures that renewable energy producers continue to secure stable revenues through forward contracts while benefiting from improved spot market pricing.

Implementation And Regulatory Adaptations

Transitioning to these new pricing strategies in Cyprus will involve technical adaptations, including software modifications and the development of algorithms for automatic bid monitoring. Moreover, the overhaul requires regulatory amendments, aligning the national framework with Directive 2019/944 and ensuring transparent, market-driven price controls.

Economic Impact And Future Outlook

The anticipated benefits of this reform are substantial. Lower electricity costs are expected to boost business competitiveness and alleviate household expenses, a critical advancement for an energy-isolated economy reliant on imported fuels. A phased pilot approach will allow stakeholders to address potential challenges, ensuring that these mechanisms remain adaptable to evolving market conditions.

In essence, Poullikkas’ strategic recommendations aim to craft a more predictable and robust electricity market in Cyprus, setting a benchmark for effective regulatory practices and long-term economic stability.

The Future Forbes Realty Global Properties

by News Editor

August 24, 2026

Courts Are Still Applying Old Copyright Rules To AI

AI companies train models on enormous amounts of published material, including books, articles and academic research. Whether using that content without authors’ permission violates copyright law remains unresolved.

Much of the debate centres on fair use, which allows copyrighted material to be used without permission in certain circumstances. Courts consider factors such as the purpose of the use, how much material was involved and its impact on the original market.

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Anthropic Case Sets An Important Precedent

A major case involving Anthropic and a group of authors provided one of the clearest rulings so far. Judge William Alsup found that using copyrighted books to train AI models was lawful, comparing the process to people reading and studying literature before creating something new.

Anthropic was nevertheless ordered to pay $1.5 billion in a settlement. The penalty concerned books the company had obtained from illegal online libraries rather than the AI training itself.

For AI companies, that distinction could prove significant because it separates studying copyrighted material from directly copying it.

Competition Could Be The Key Issue

A case involving Thomson Reuters and Ross Intelligence offers a different perspective. A court ruled that Ross could not claim fair use after using Reuters’ copyrighted material to develop a competing AI-powered legal research platform.

The decision suggests courts may be less willing to consider AI training fair use when copyrighted content is used to build a product that directly competes with the original.

For authors, an unresolved question is whether AI-generated content should be considered competition for the works used to train these models.

The Law Has Yet To Catch Up

US copyright law predates generative AI by decades, leaving courts to apply old principles to new technology. Questions also remain over copyright protection for AI-generated works. In Thaler v. Perlmutter, a court ruled that material created entirely by AI cannot receive copyright protection.

Major AI companies remain involved in copyright litigation, and different courts could reach different conclusions. For now, there is no universal rule: the legality of AI training will depend on the circumstances of each case and how courts ultimately interpret copyright and fair use.