The European Union’s car trade landscape has undergone significant shifts in recent years. In 2024, the EU exported 5.4 million cars and imported 4.0 million, marking a 13.2% drop in exports and a 3.0% decline in imports compared to 2019. Despite the decrease in volume, the value of trade has surged, reflecting rising car prices.
In monetary terms, the EU exported €165.2 billion worth of cars while importing €75.9 billion, generating a trade surplus of €89.3 billion. This represents a 17.7% increase in export value (+€24.8 billion) and a 20.0% rise in imports (+€12.7 billion) over five years.
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Key Trade Partners: U.S. And U.K. Drive Exports, China Leads In Imports
The United States (€38.9 billion) and the United Kingdom (€34.3 billion) remained the top destinations for EU car exports in 2024, followed by China (€14.5 billion), Türkiye (€12.0 billion), and Switzerland (€8.5 billion). However, trade patterns have shifted dramatically since 2019:
- Exports to Türkiye soared by 364.1%, marking the most significant increase.
- Exports to China dropped by 22.3%, highlighting changing demand in the region.
On the import side, China (€12.7 billion) and Japan (€12.3 billion) were the EU’s largest car suppliers, followed by the U.K. (€11.0 billion), Türkiye (€9.1 billion), and the U.S. (€8.4 billion). The most striking trend:
- Imports from China skyrocketed by 1591.3%, reflecting the country’s growing footprint in the European auto market.
- Imports from the U.K. declined by 17.1%, signaling a shift in post-Brexit trade flows.
What’s Driving The Shift?
The stark contrast between the declining number of cars traded and the rising overall value points to inflation, higher production costs, and a shift toward premium and electric vehicles. With global trade tensions, evolving consumer preferences, and regulatory changes, the EU’s car market continues to evolve—raising questions about how the industry will navigate the next five years.
