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EIB Doubles Defence Financing, Expands Eligible Projects While Excluding Weapons

by THEFUTURE.TEAM

March 6, 2025

The European Investment Bank (EIB) has announced significant changes to its financing approach for defence projects, including the removal of existing limits on funding and an expanded scope of eligible projects. However, the EIB will still maintain a ban on financing weapons and ammunition.

Ahead of a key defence summit this Thursday, Nadia Calvino, EIB President, outlined plans to EU leaders in a letter, revealing that the bank’s measures are part of the European Union’s broader initiative to enhance defence financing in response to growing security concerns, particularly in light of the ongoing threat from Russia.

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As part of the new strategy, the EIB plans to propose a revision to its eligibility criteria during its March Board of Directors meeting. The adjustments aim to better define excluded activities, keeping them as minimal and precise as possible. Additionally, the bank is set to revise its operational framework to establish an annual financial and capital allocation for defence, ensuring it meets the increasing demands of the EU’s security needs while maintaining the bank’s strong financial position and ability to support other strategic priorities.

The EIB’s balance sheet totals €600 billion, and previously, the bank had targeted doubling its financing for defence projects to €2 billion by 2025, with an upper limit of €8 billion by 2027. With this new policy, the EIB will be able to fund large-scale strategic defence projects that include land border protection, military mobility, infrastructure protection, de-mining, cybersecurity, drones, and other critical technologies.

The change signals a shift in the EIB’s core public policy objectives, placing defence and security on par with other priorities like cohesion and sustainability. The new approach will allow financing for projects such as barracks, radars, helicopters, military facilities, and other infrastructure with no civilian use. However, weapons and ammunition will still be off-limits for EIB funding.

The shift in policy is also seen as a signal to investors and financial institutions, emphasizing that security and defence are now considered essential public goods. This stance contrasts with the bank’s exclusion of activities like gambling, tobacco, or pornography, sending a clear message that EU governments are prioritizing investment in national and regional security.

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Cyprus Tax-To-GDP Ratio Rises To 36.3% In 2025

by THEFUTURE.TEAM

October 30, 2026

Cyprus’ tax-to-GDP ratio edged up to 36.3% in 2025, from 36% in 2024, remaining below the European Union and euro area averages, according to Eurostat.

Across the EU, the ratio rose to 40.7% from 40.2%, while the euro area average increased to 41.3% from 40.7%.

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EU Tax Revenues Reach €7.68 Trillion

The tax-to-GDP ratio measures revenue from taxes and net social contributions as a share of gross domestic product. It provides an indication of public revenue relative to the size of an economy, although national tax systems and social contribution rules vary.

EU governments collected €7.68 trillion in taxes and social contributions in 2025, an increase of €401 billion compared with the previous year.

France Records Highest Ratio

France had the EU’s highest tax-to-GDP ratio at 46%, followed by Belgium at 44.7%, Denmark at 44.3% and Austria at 43.9%.

At the other end of the scale, Ireland recorded the lowest ratio at 22.7%. Romania followed at 29.3%, Malta at 30.3% and Bulgaria at 30.6%.

Ratios Increase In 19 Member States

The tax-to-GDP ratio rose in 19 EU countries in 2025. Germany recorded the largest increase, climbing from 40.3% to 41.4%. Malta’s ratio rose from 29.3% to 30.3%, while Spain’s increased from 37.2% to 38.1%.

Eight member states recorded declines. Sweden saw the largest fall, from 41.8% to 41.2%, followed by Latvia, where the ratio dropped from 34.9% to 34.2%.

Cyprus’ 0.3-percentage-point increase was more modest than some of the changes elsewhere in the bloc. Its ratio nevertheless rose alongside the EU and euro area averages, reflecting a broader increase in tax and social contribution revenue relative to economic output.