Economic Sentiment In Cyprus Sees Modest Improvement In June

In June 2024, Cyprus experienced a slight improvement in economic sentiment, with the Economic Sentiment Indicator (ESI-CypERC) rising by 0.6 points compared to May. This uptick was largely driven by stronger consumer confidence and a minor boost in business confidence within the service sector.

According to the Economic Research Centre of the University of Cyprus, the Service Confidence Indicator improved due to better assessments of recent business performance and turnover. Conversely, the Retail Trade Confidence Indicator remained stable, with positive sales expectations balancing out poorer recent sales views.

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However, the Construction Confidence Indicator continued to decline for the second consecutive month, impacted by negative assessments of order book levels and reduced employment expectations. The Industry Confidence Indicator also saw a slight decrease, primarily due to less favourable views on current order book levels.

Notably, the Consumer Confidence Indicator rose again in June. Consumers showed a marked increase in their intention to make significant purchases in the coming months, alongside improved expectations regarding their financial situation and the general economic conditions in Cyprus.

Despite these positive trends, the report noted a rise in economic uncertainty, driven by the increased difficulty consumers and service firms faced in predicting their financial situations. Nonetheless, the level of economic uncertainty in June remained lower than that observed in the first four months of 2024.

These findings underscore the cautious optimism prevailing in Cyprus’s economic landscape, highlighting the nuanced challenges and opportunities faced by businesses and consumers alike. The slight increase in economic sentiment reflects a complex interplay of factors, pointing to a cautiously optimistic outlook for the near future.

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Banks Required To Refund Unauthorized Transactions Immediately, Confirms EU Prosecutor

by THEFUTURE.TEAM

March 7, 2026

Introduction

Advocate General Athanasios Rantos of the Court of Justice of the European Union stated that banks must refund customers without delay for unauthorized transactions, even when the client may have acted with gross negligence. The opinion clarifies how European legislation should be applied in cases involving payment fraud.

Case Overview

The case concerns a Polish bank customer who became the victim of a phishing attack. A fraudster posed as a buyer on an online auction platform and sent the customer a link that closely resembled the bank’s official website. After entering her login credentials, the customer unintentionally gave the attacker access to her account. The fraudster subsequently carried out unauthorized transactions.

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The bank refused to reimburse the funds, arguing that the client had demonstrated gross negligence by entering her banking details on the fraudulent website. The dispute was later brought before the Polish courts.

Legal Implications

The Polish national court asked the Court of Justice of the European Union to clarify whether European law requires banks to refund unauthorized payments immediately, even when the customer may have acted negligently.

Advocate General Rantos stated that EU legislation requires banks to restore the funds without delay unless the institution has reasonable grounds to suspect fraud and has formally reported the matter to the competent authorities. The opinion also explains that an immediate refund does not prevent the bank from later seeking compensation if it can prove that the customer failed to comply with their obligations under payment services regulations.

Consumer Protection And Regulatory Outlook

European payment legislation places strong emphasis on protecting consumers from financial fraud. The regulatory framework aims to ensure that users of payment services receive prompt reimbursement when unauthorized transactions occur. Banks may still investigate individual cases and pursue legal action if they believe the customer breached their responsibilities under payment service rules.

Conclusion

The Court of Justice of the European Union will now consider the Advocate General’s opinion before issuing its final ruling. Such decisions are often influential in shaping the interpretation of EU law. A ruling in line with the opinion could have significant implications for banks across the European Union and for how financial institutions handle reimbursement claims in cases of payment fraud.

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