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Cysec Adopts EBA Guidance On Dual Regulatory Framework For Electronic Money Tokens

The Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission (CySEC) has formally updated cryptoasset service providers (CASPs) and prospective applicants regarding new guidelines from the European Banking Authority (EBA). The update follows the EBA’s June 10, 2025 opinion, which addresses the regulatory treatment of electronic money tokens (EMTs) under both the Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) Regulation and the existing Payment Services Directive (PSD2).

Background And Context

Triggered by the European Commission’s December 2024 request, the EBA provided both short- and long-term recommendations to manage the inherent dual nature of EMTs as regulated under MiCA (Regulation (EU) 2023/1114) and as electronic money under Directive (EU) 2015/2366 (PSD2). The authority’s opinion forms part of a strategic effort to enhance consumer protection and ensure the stability of digital payment systems across the European Union.

Eba’s Long-Term Recommendations

In its long-term strategy, the EBA advised EU policymakers to amend the MiCA Regulation to incorporate payment-related obligations for EMTs. These amendments would enhance consumer protection, enforce robust security measures for payments, and introduce capital requirements. As an alternative, the EBA proposed integrating rules for EMTs into the forthcoming legislative processes for PSD3 and Payment Services Regulation (PSR), thereby alleviating the need for CASPs to secure a separate authorisation.

Short-Term Guidance Under The Existing Regulatory Framework

In the interim, as PSD2 remains active, the EBA issued practical guidance to National Competent Authorities (NCAs) to ease the regulatory load on CASPs. Key recommendations include:

  • Considering the transfer, custody, and administration of EMTs as payment services under PSD2;
  • Classifying custodial wallets as payment accounts;
  • Excluding the exchange of crypto-assets for funds or other crypto-assets—as defined by MiCA—from being regarded as payment services, thus avoiding unnecessary secondary authorisation.

Furthermore, a transitional period until March 1, 2026, has been advised for those CASP activities that require PSD2 authorisation. During this phase, entities may either apply for authorisation or collaborate with an existing payment service provider (PSP). For authorised entities or those holding a PSP licence, NCAs are expected to temporarily de-prioritise enforcement of select PSD2 provisions, such as safeguarding requirements and disclosure obligations, while maintaining critical measures like strong customer authentication and fraud reporting.

Implications And Next Steps

CySEC has urged all relevant stakeholders to consult the full EBA opinion to fully understand the legal basis and detailed advice on navigating the complex interplay between MiCA and PSD2. The clarity provided in this guidance underscores the EU’s commitment to a balanced regulatory approach that mitigates risk without stifling innovation in the cryptoasset sector.

Signed by George Theocharides, chairman of the Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission, this update marks a significant milestone in regulatory convergence for digital finance across Europe.

Cyprus Ranks Among EU Leaders In Tertiary-Educated ICT Workforce

High Educational Attainment Sets Cyprus Apart

Recent data from Eurostat showed that Cyprus is expected to rank among the leading European countries for tertiary-educated ICT professionals in 2025. According to the figures, 96.4% of ICT professionals in Cyprus are projected to hold tertiary education qualifications, placing the country among the highest-ranked members of the European Union.

Gender Disparity Remains A Critical Challenge

Despite the high level of educational attainment, the ICT workforce in Cyprus continues to show a significant gender imbalance. Men are projected to account for 85.1% of ICT employees in 2025, while women are expected to represent 14.9% of the sector. In 2024, the split stood at 70.9% for men and 29.1% for women. The figures highlighted a widening gender gap within the country’s ICT workforce.

European Union Trends And Comparative Analysis

Across the European Union, the number of ICT professionals is projected to increase to 3.4 million in 2025 from 3.2 million in 2024, representing annual growth of 5.1%. Men are expected to account for 83.4% of ICT employment across the bloc, equivalent to approximately 2.8 million workers, while women are projected to represent 16.6%.

National Performance Variability In Gender Representation

Countries within the EU show a varied landscape: the highest percentages of male ICT professionals are reported in the Czech Republic (92.9%), Slovenia (89.1%), Latvia (89.0%), Lithuania (88.9%), and Slovakia (88.4%). On the contrary, nations such as Denmark (30.0%), Sweden (29.8%), Romania (28.6%), Bulgaria (25.6%), and Croatia (25.2%) lead in female participation in the ICT arena.

Educational Background Across The European ICT Sector

Eurostat data also showed that most ICT professionals across the EU hold tertiary education qualifications. By 2025, 74.8% of ICT workers in the bloc are projected to have university-level education, while 25.2% are expected to hold secondary or post-secondary qualifications. Denmark recorded the highest share of tertiary-educated ICT professionals at 97.7%, followed by France at 96.6% and Cyprus at 96.4%. Other countries with high levels of tertiary-educated ICT workers included Ireland at 92.3%, Bulgaria at 91.1%, and Croatia at 90.9%. At the lower end of the ranking, Italy recorded 69.2%, while Portugal stood at 58.8%.

Conclusion

The data perfectly encapsulates the dual narrative in the ICT sector: while countries like Cyprus and Denmark achieve remarkable educational standards among ICT workers, persistent gender disparities remind us that diversity remains an ongoing challenge. As the ICT landscape continues to evolve, strategic policy formation and corporate governance will be pivotal in balancing excellence with inclusivity.

Uol
eCredo
The Future Forbes Realty Global Properties
Aretilaw firm

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