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Cyprus Trade Deficit Widens Amid Sharp Export Surge

December Trade Performance

Cyprus closed 2025 with an expanded trade deficit. While a significant increase in exports during December bolstered the country’s market stance, a marked decline in imports overshadowed these gains. According to data released by the Cyprus Statistical Service (Cystat), total imports of goods in December 2025 fell to €1.20 billion from €1.39 billion in December 2024, representing a decrease of 13.1%. Notably, imports from other EU member states dropped to €789.30 million, and those from third countries slid to €415.10 million, from €703.40 million and €682.70 million respectively.

Significant Export Growth

Exports, however, recorded notable growth. Total export value reached €490.5 million in December 2025, up from €375.95 million in December 2024, an increase of 30.5%. Shipments to EU countries amounted to €182.7 million, while exports to third countries rose to €307.8 million from €97.0 million and €279.0 million respectively. A key factor behind the increase was the transfer of economic ownership of vessels, which climbed to €130.1 million compared with €51.4 million in the previous December.

Year-to-Date Dynamics

Full-year data for 2025 show a mixed overall picture. Total imports for the January–December period rose to €13.55 billion from €12.58 billion in 2024, marking a 7.7% year-on-year increase. Exports reached €5.55 billion, up 7.0% from €5.19 billion the year before. As a result, the overall trade deficit widened to €8.00 billion compared with €7.40 billion in 2024.

Monthly Insights And Sectoral Highlights

Figures for November 2025 support the same trend. Total imports for the month declined to €1.04 billion from €1.16 billion a year earlier, a drop of 10.1%. In contrast, exports of domestically produced goods, including supplies for ships and aircraft, increased to €283.9 million from €244.5 million, a rise of 16.1%. Industrial product exports reached €276.6 million compared with €237.1 million, while agricultural exports edged slightly lower to €6.2 million from €6.4 million. Exports of foreign products also recorded modest gains.

Key Export Sectors

The leading domestic export categories between January and November 2025 were mineral fuels and oils at €2.19 billion, halloumi cheese at €332.2 million, and pharmaceutical products at €318.0 million. It is worth noting that the mineral fuels and oils category largely reflects goods that were imported, processed, and subsequently re-exported, which is an important factor in interpreting Cyprus’ trade structure.

Revisions And Provisional Data

The leading domestic export categories between January and November 2025 were mineral fuels and oils at €2.19 billion, halloumi cheese at €332.2 million, and pharmaceutical products at €318.0 million. It is worth noting that the mineral fuels and oils category largely reflects goods that were imported, processed, and subsequently re-exported, which is an important factor in interpreting Cyprus’ trade structure.

Cyprus Introduces €200 Million Support Measures To Cut Energy And Food Costs

Comprehensive Relief Measures For A Resilient Economy

The government of Cyprus introduced support measures exceeding €200 million to reduce household expenses and support key sectors. The package targets energy costs, food prices, tourism and agriculture. Measures come in response to rising costs and supply pressures. Implementation begins in April and May 2026.

Energy And Fiscal Reforms

The government will reduce VAT on electricity for households to 5% from May 1, 2026, to March 31, 2027. The measure is expected to lower energy bills. Special consumption tax on transport fuels will decrease by 8.33 cents per liter between April and June 2026. Policy targets fuel-related costs.

Broadening The Zero VAT Initiative

Authorities will expand the list of products with zero VAT. Meat, poultry and fish will be included from April 1 to September 30, 2026. Existing zero-VAT categories already include fruits and vegetables. The government also decided not to introduce a green tax on fuels, avoiding an additional cost of about 9 cents per liter.

Sector-Specific Supports

The package includes a 30% wage subsidy for hotel employees for April 2026. Measure supports tourism businesses during the early season. Support for airlines aims to maintain connectivity with key destinations. The agriculture sector will receive subsidies covering 15% of costs for fertilizers and supplies in April and May.

Economic Stability, National Security

President Nikos Christodoulidis said economic stability remains a priority for the government. He noted that growth, fiscal balance and inflation trends support current policy decisions. Statement links economic policy with broader national priorities. The government continues to monitor external risks.

Ensuring Consumer Protection

Furthermore, the government has mandated rigorous market oversight and intensified inspections to prevent exploitative pricing during this period of economic intervention. This proactive stance ensures that the benefits of the measures directly serve the citizens without unintended inflationary impacts.

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