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Cyprus Trade Deficit Narrows To €476.6 Million In January 2026 As Exports Rise

Economic Overview

Cyprus recorded a notable reduction in its trade deficit in January 2026. According to data from the Cyprus Statistical Service, the deficit narrowed to €476.6 million, compared with €707.5 million in January 2025. The improvement reflects a combination of lower imports and stronger export performance during the period.

Decline In Imports

The latest data from the Cyprus Statistical Service indicates that total imports of goods fell to €994.1 million from €1.15 billion, reflecting a 13.6% decrease over the same period last year. Imports from other European Union member states dropped from €583.0 million to €554.3 million, while those from third countries declined from €568.2 million to €439.8 million. Notably, the transfer of economic ownership of vessels contributed a comparable value both years, registering €79.0 million in January 2026 against €79.9 million in January 2025.

Resilient Export Performance

On the export front, Cyprus recorded robust gains, with total exports of goods rising to €517.5 million compared to €443.7 million in January 2025, marking a 16.6% year-on-year increase. Exports to other EU states grew from €84.4 million to €97.2 million, and those to third countries surged from €359.3 million to €420.3 million. This improvement was further bolstered by a substantial upturn in the transfer of economic ownership of vessels, which soared to €193.5 million in January 2026 from just €11.3 million in the prior year.

Additional Insights From December 2025

Final data for December 2025 showed similar developments in trade activity. Total imports declined by 9.9%, falling to €1.25 billion from €1.39 billion. Domestic exports, including stores and provisions for ships and aircraft, increased by approximately 9.8% to €274.2 million. Exports of foreign products recorded particularly strong growth, rising 77.7% to €224.2 million, compared with €126.2 million in December 2024.

Yearly Trade Highlights

For the full year 2025, mineral fuels and oils remained the largest export category among domestically produced goods, with exports reaching €2.33 billion. Other major contributors to export activity included halloumi cheese and pharmaceutical products, which recorded export values of €356.9 million and €356.2 million, respectively. The latest figures highlight a shift in Cyprus’ trade balance driven by stronger exports and lower imports during the early months of 2026.

Copyright Law Struggles To Keep Up With AI Training

Courts Are Still Applying Old Copyright Rules To AI

AI companies train models on enormous amounts of published material, including books, articles and academic research. Whether using that content without authors’ permission violates copyright law remains unresolved.

Much of the debate centres on fair use, which allows copyrighted material to be used without permission in certain circumstances. Courts consider factors such as the purpose of the use, how much material was involved and its impact on the original market.

Anthropic Case Sets An Important Precedent

A major case involving Anthropic and a group of authors provided one of the clearest rulings so far. Judge William Alsup found that using copyrighted books to train AI models was lawful, comparing the process to people reading and studying literature before creating something new.

Anthropic was nevertheless ordered to pay $1.5 billion in a settlement. The penalty concerned books the company had obtained from illegal online libraries rather than the AI training itself.

For AI companies, that distinction could prove significant because it separates studying copyrighted material from directly copying it.

Competition Could Be The Key Issue

A case involving Thomson Reuters and Ross Intelligence offers a different perspective. A court ruled that Ross could not claim fair use after using Reuters’ copyrighted material to develop a competing AI-powered legal research platform.

The decision suggests courts may be less willing to consider AI training fair use when copyrighted content is used to build a product that directly competes with the original.

For authors, an unresolved question is whether AI-generated content should be considered competition for the works used to train these models.

The Law Has Yet To Catch Up

US copyright law predates generative AI by decades, leaving courts to apply old principles to new technology. Questions also remain over copyright protection for AI-generated works. In Thaler v. Perlmutter, a court ruled that material created entirely by AI cannot receive copyright protection.

Major AI companies remain involved in copyright litigation, and different courts could reach different conclusions. For now, there is no universal rule: the legality of AI training will depend on the circumstances of each case and how courts ultimately interpret copyright and fair use.

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