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Cyprus Sees Slight Gains In International Investment Position As Current Account Deficit Narrows

Cyprus’ international investment position (IIP) showed modest improvement in the third quarter of 2024, with the net liability position narrowing to €27,789.1 million, compared to €27,875.8 million in the previous quarter. These provisional figures, released by the Central Bank of Cyprus’ Statistics Department, offer insight into the country’s external economic dynamics during this period.

Adjusted IIP Reflects SPE Exclusions

When adjusted to exclude the impact of Special Purpose Entities (SPEs) — which are treated as non-residents for statistical purposes — the IIP revealed a more significant improvement. The adjusted net liability position dropped to €9,945.9 million in Q3 2024 from €10,010.2 million in Q2 2024, underscoring a positive trend.

Current Account Deficit Contracts

Preliminary balance of payments data highlighted a substantial reduction in Cyprus’ current account deficit. The deficit shrank from €369.4 million in Q3 2023 to just €29.6 million in Q3 2024, marking a notable year-on-year improvement.

After adjusting for SPEs, the current account deficit stood at €108.2 million in Q3 2024, a significant reduction from €351.6 million in the same quarter of the previous year. This adjustment reflects a clearer picture of the underlying economic performance, excluding the disproportionate influence of SPEs.

External Debt Insights

Gross external debt fell slightly to €261,534 million in Q3 2024, down from €262,098.6 million in the preceding quarter. However, external assets in debt instruments decreased more sharply, falling to €243,834 million from €249,665.7 million in Q2 2024. As a result, Cyprus’ net external debt climbed by €5,267.1 million, reaching €17,700 million.

When factoring out SPEs, gross external debt was significantly lower, at €59,257 million in Q3 2024, down from €61,077.4 million in Q2. Correspondingly, the net external debt adjusted for SPEs dropped to -€20,789.7 million, compared to -€19,239.7 million in the previous quarter.

Cyprus Construction Trends: Permit Count Slips While Value and Scale Surge in 2025

The Cyprus Statistical Service (Cystat) has reported a notable shift in the construction landscape for 2025. The latest figures reveal a modest 1.9% decline in building permits issued in March compared to the same month last year, signaling a nuanced trend in the nation’s developmental activities.

Permit Count Decline in March

In March 2025, authorities authorised 572 building permits—down from 583 in March 2024. The permits, which total a value of €361.5 million and cover 296,900 square metres of construction, underscore a cautious pace in permit approval despite ongoing projects. Notably, these permits are set to facilitate the construction of 1,480 dwelling units, reflecting an underlying demand in the housing sector.

Q1 2025: Growth in Value, Construction Area, and Dwelling Units

While the number of permits in the first quarter (January to March) decreased by 15.8% from 1,876 to 1,580, more significant, economically relevant metrics saw robust growth. Total permit value surged by 21.7%, and the authorised construction area expanded by 15.6%. Additionally, the number of prospective dwelling units increased by 16.7% compared to the corresponding period last year. This divergence suggests that although fewer permits were issued, the scale and ambition of the approved projects have intensified.

New Regulatory Framework and the Ippodamos System

Since 1 July 2024, a pivotal transition has taken place in permit administration. The responsibility for issuing permits has moved from municipalities and district administration offices to the newly established local government organisations (EOAs). The integrated information system, Ippodamos, now oversees the licensing process, streamlining data collection on both residential and non-residential projects across urban and rural areas.

Comprehensive Data Collection for Enhanced Oversight

The Ippodamos system categorises construction projects using the EU Classification of Types of Construction (CC). This platform gathers extensive data on the number of permits authorised, project area and value, and the expected number of dwelling units. It covers a broad spectrum of construction activities—from new builds and civil engineering projects to plot divisions and road construction—while excluding renewals and building divisions. The thoroughness of this new regulatory structure promises greater operational transparency and more informed decision-making for policymakers and industry stakeholders.

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