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Cyprus Sees Record €3.9 Billion In New Lending For 2024, Loan Restructurings Drop Sharply

by THEFUTURE.TEAM

Cyprus experienced a significant surge in new lending, with total loans issued to businesses and households reaching a record €3.9 billion in 2024, marking an 18% increase from the previous year, according to the Central Bank of Cyprus (CBC).

This figure represents the highest level of new lending since the CBC began recording data in 2014. The rise was predominantly driven by a surge in business loans, which saw the largest annual growth since 2017, while household borrowing also recorded its biggest jump in three years.

Business lending was the main contributor, with new loans to businesses climbing by 27%, reaching €2.44 billion in 2024 compared to €1.92 billion in 2023. This was the highest increase in business lending since 2017 when growth hit 43.6%.

Meanwhile, new household loans rose at a slower pace, up by 5.2%, totaling €1.42 billion, compared to €1.35 billion the year before.

In a contrasting trend, loan restructurings dropped sharply in 2024. The total value of restructured loans fell by 30.6% to €2.46 billion, down from €3.55 billion in 2023. Household loan restructurings saw a steeper drop of 36%, falling from €826.5 million to €529.6 million, while restructured business loans decreased by 29%, from €2.73 billion to €1.93 billion.

A significant portion of the new lending was concentrated in December 2024, when net new loans to businesses and households soared to €598 million, an 86.6% increase from December 2023. Business lending accounted for the lion’s share of this surge, with new loans reaching €401.9 million, compared to €150.2 million in the same month the previous year.

The shift in lending patterns reflects broader changes in the economic landscape. While 2023 saw slower business lending and declining household borrowing due to rising interest rates, the second half of 2024 witnessed a drop in rates following European Central Bank monetary policy decisions, encouraging increased lending.

However, concerns have been raised over the growing reliance on consumer loans. The Fiscal Council has warned that rising household borrowing, coupled with a decline in mortgage demand, indicates increasing financial pressure on households. Additionally, the CBC data reveals a growing preference among banks for financing larger businesses, with smaller loans seeing fewer restructurings, which could indicate financial strain for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

The Fiscal Council’s 2024 report suggests that the rising imbalance in lending patterns between large firms and SMEs may require targeted policy measures to ensure fairer access to financing across the economy.

Copyright Law Struggles To Keep Up With AI Training

by News Editor

Courts Are Still Applying Old Copyright Rules To AI

AI companies train models on enormous amounts of published material, including books, articles and academic research. Whether using that content without authors’ permission violates copyright law remains unresolved.

Much of the debate centres on fair use, which allows copyrighted material to be used without permission in certain circumstances. Courts consider factors such as the purpose of the use, how much material was involved and its impact on the original market.

Anthropic Case Sets An Important Precedent

A major case involving Anthropic and a group of authors provided one of the clearest rulings so far. Judge William Alsup found that using copyrighted books to train AI models was lawful, comparing the process to people reading and studying literature before creating something new.

Anthropic was nevertheless ordered to pay $1.5 billion in a settlement. The penalty concerned books the company had obtained from illegal online libraries rather than the AI training itself.

For AI companies, that distinction could prove significant because it separates studying copyrighted material from directly copying it.

Competition Could Be The Key Issue

A case involving Thomson Reuters and Ross Intelligence offers a different perspective. A court ruled that Ross could not claim fair use after using Reuters’ copyrighted material to develop a competing AI-powered legal research platform.

The decision suggests courts may be less willing to consider AI training fair use when copyrighted content is used to build a product that directly competes with the original.

For authors, an unresolved question is whether AI-generated content should be considered competition for the works used to train these models.

The Law Has Yet To Catch Up

US copyright law predates generative AI by decades, leaving courts to apply old principles to new technology. Questions also remain over copyright protection for AI-generated works. In Thaler v. Perlmutter, a court ruled that material created entirely by AI cannot receive copyright protection.

Major AI companies remain involved in copyright litigation, and different courts could reach different conclusions. For now, there is no universal rule: the legality of AI training will depend on the circumstances of each case and how courts ultimately interpret copyright and fair use.

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