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Cyprus’ Net FDI Position Deteriorates in 2024 Amid Rising Outflows

Net FDI Position Further Declines

In 2024, Cyprus maintained its negative net position in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), with the decline in outward investments outpacing inward flows. The latest report by the Central Bank of Cyprus confirms a deepening negative balance, with the net FDI position deteriorating from -€34.8567 billion in 2023 to -€41.8640 billion in 2024.

Reduction In Stocks Of Inward And Outward Investments

The stock of outward FDI declined to €331.7521 billion in 2024 from €366.0002 billion in 2023. This drop primarily reflects a reduction in debt instruments, while equity instruments saw only marginal decreases. Notably, 89% of the outward stock consisted of equity instruments, with the remaining 11% in debt securities, a ratio that has remained consistent over time.

Conversely, the inward FDI stock contracted to €373.6161 billion in 2024 from €400.8570 billion in 2023. This change was mainly due to a decrease in equity investments, even as debt components saw an upward trend. The inward portfolio was composed of 94% equity instruments and 6% debt instruments.

Persistently Negative FDI Transactions

FDI transactions remained negative throughout 2024, totaling -€5.1112 billion. Outward transactions amounted to -€22.4668 billion, including -€26.1077 billion in equity positions (excluding reinvested earnings) and -€4.4716 billion in debt instruments. Reinvested earnings contributed positively by €8.1125 billion, partially offsetting these declines.

On the inward side, transactions registered -€17.3556 billion, with the primary drag coming from equity transactions (net of reinvested earnings) declining by -€44.7574 billion. However, reinvested earnings and debt instruments helped cushion these losses, contributing €14.2787 billion and €13.1231 billion, respectively.

Declining Revenue From FDI

Net revenue derived from FDI also turned more negative, widening to -€3.4279 billion in 2024 from -€2.6218 billion in 2023. Outbound FDI revenues increased to €25.8693 billion, while inbound revenues reached €29.2972 billion, underscoring that the income from inward flows exceeded that generated by outflows.

Europe Emerges As The Dominant Investment Partner

Europe continues to be the principal geographical partner for both outward and inward FDI flows in Cyprus. Outward stocks directed towards Europe amounted to €202.6357 billion—a decline from €227.5702 billion in 2023—with the United States trailing at €60.0404 billion. On the inbound side, investments were primarily sourced from Europe (€295.2872 billion), with the United States making up a smaller portion (€73.1509 billion).

Tertiary Sector Dominance

The majority of FDI, both incoming and outgoing, is directed toward the tertiary sector, particularly within financial and insurance services. This trend highlights the specialization of the Cypriot economy in service-oriented industries. In 2024, the inward FDI stock in the tertiary sector stood at €367.3488 billion, compared to an outward stock of €216.0103 billion.

Worsening Picture Excluding SPEs

Excluding Special Purpose Entities (SPEs) from the classification further deteriorates the net FDI position, which plunged to -€50.2809 billion in 2024 from -€42.6962 billion in 2023. This adjustment underscores the sensitivity of FDI figures to methodological classification and emphasizes the greater extent of foreign capital outflow when SPEs are disregarded.

Cypriots Report Growing Economic Concerns In New Eurobarometer Survey

Eurobarometer Survey Reveals Stark Economic Outlook

A comprehensive Eurobarometer survey conducted between March 12 and April 1, 2026, has revealed significant economic and institutional challenges in Cyprus ahead of Europe Day. The study, which included 506 interviews in Cyprus as part of a pan-European sample of 26,415 citizens, underscores a pronounced economic pessimism and declining trust in national and European institutions.

Economic Sentiment And Future Projections

More than half of Cypriots, or 53%, described the country’s economic situation negatively, while 46% expressed a positive assessment. Across the European Union, by comparison, 60% of respondents viewed their national economies positively and 38% negatively.

Economic pessimism also increased sharply compared with autumn 2025. Around 51% of Cypriots said they expect the economy to deteriorate further over the next year, marking a 23 percentage point increase from the previous survey period. Only 11% anticipated economic improvement.

Despite broader concerns about the economy, perceptions of personal financial conditions remained relatively stable. Around 75% of respondents described their household financial situation positively, while 60% said they expect employment conditions to remain stable over the coming year.

Main Challenges And Priorities For Action

The cost of living remained the leading concern among Cypriot respondents at 36%, followed by developments in the Middle East at 30%, the national economy at 24%, migration at 23% and housing at 21%. Across the EU more broadly, respondents prioritised instability in the Middle East, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and migration.

Regarding policy priorities, Cypriots said EU spending should focus primarily on employment, social policy and healthcare, alongside education, youth initiatives, housing and security.

Institutional Distrust And European Identity

Trust in national institutions remained low throughout the survey. Only 31% of respondents said they trust the government, while confidence in parliament stood at 22%. At the same time, 74% expressed distrust toward parliament.

Views toward the European Union also remained divided. Around 39% of Cypriots said they trust the EU, compared with 54% who said they do not, although this represented a slight improvement from autumn 2025.

The survey additionally pointed to a stronger sense of local and national identity than European identity. While 92% said they feel connected to their local communities and 95% to Cyprus itself, only 52% reported feeling attached to the EU and 45% identified with Europe more broadly.

Digital Security And Divergent Foreign Policy Views

Concerns about digital safety also remained elevated, with 53% of respondents saying major online platforms are not doing enough to remove illegal or harmful content. Another 45% said existing user protection measures remain insufficient.

The survey also revealed notable differences between Cypriot and wider EU attitudes toward the war in Ukraine. Although 77% supported accepting refugees and 70% backed humanitarian and economic assistance, support for sanctions against Russia stood at only 30%, significantly below the EU average.

Support for military assistance to Kyiv remained particularly low at 18%, while only 41% of respondents supported Ukraine’s future EU membership compared with 56% across the bloc.

Conclusion

The findings reflect growing economic anxiety and continued institutional scepticism in Cyprus amid broader geopolitical uncertainty across Europe and the Middle East. At the same time, the survey showed that Cypriots remain highly focused on domestic economic stability, social policy and cost-of-living pressures as key priorities for the years ahead.

Uol
Aretilaw firm
eCredo
The Future Forbes Realty Global Properties

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