Opens in a new tab

Breaking news

Cyprus Current Account Gap Widens As External Debt Climbs In First Quarter Of 2026

Cyprus entered 2026 with a weaker external position, as the country’s current account deficit widened in the first quarter and its international investment position deteriorated, according to preliminary data released on Tuesday by the Central Bank of Cyprus (CBC).

Deficit Worsens Amid Softer Services Performance

The current account deficit widened to €1.27 billion in the first quarter of 2026 from €1.01 billion a year earlier, an increase of €263 million. Excluding special purpose entities (SPEs), the deficit reached €1.37 billion, compared with €1.12 billion in the first quarter of 2025.

According to the CBC, the deterioration was driven mainly by a larger secondary income deficit and weaker net exports of services. Financial services, telecommunications, computer services and information services all weighed on the balance, although the impact was partly offset by an improved goods balance and a narrower primary income deficit.

Financial Flows Remain Positive

Despite the weaker current account position, Cyprus recorded net financial inflows of €1.14 billion during the quarter, exceeding the level reported a year earlier. The increase reflected a smaller net outflow in portfolio investment together with stronger net inflows under other investment, the CBC said.

External Balance Sheet Weakens

Cyprus’ international investment position also deteriorated during the quarter. The country’s net liability position widened to €28.31 billion at the end of the first quarter from €28.17 billion three months earlier.

After excluding SPEs, net liabilities increased to €10.03 billion from €8.93 billion at the end of 2025. Gross external debt rose to €226.66 billion from €225.19 billion, while external debt assets edged down slightly to €223.53 billion from €223.62 billion. As a result, net external debt increased by €1.57 billion to €3.14 billion.

Excluding SPEs, gross external debt stood at €59.94 billion, up from €59.18 billion at the end of 2025. Over the same period, net external debt improved slightly to minus €30.46 billion from minus €30.95 billion.

Trade Links Show Mixed Picture

The CBC reported current account surpluses with Germany and Russia during the first quarter, while deficits were recorded with Greece, the United Kingdom and the United States.

At the regional level, Cyprus narrowed its current account deficits with both the European Union and the euro area, providing a modest offset to the broader weakening in the country’s external balance.

Cyprus Company Registration: Two To Four Days, Unless Security Checks Intervene

Cyprus aims to register companies within two to four working days when applicants submit complete documentation. However, regulatory approvals, sanctions checks, foreign ownership and national security considerations can extend the process or prevent registration.

Energy, Commerce and Industry Minister Michael Damianou outlined the timeframe in a written response to MP Efrem Christou, who asked about company formation procedures and the checks required before approval.

Fast Registration Depends On Complete Documentation

Damianou said authorities seek to process complete applications within two to four working days, regardless of a company’s structural complexity. The timeframe also depends on whether applicants pay an additional fee for expedited processing.

According to the official incorporation requirements, the standard registration fee is €165, rising to €235 for companies without share capital. Expedited processing costs an additional €100.

Applicants must submit an approved company name, a memorandum and articles of association, and forms HE1, HE2 and HE3. Public companies must also provide form HE5.

Regulated Businesses Require Additional Approval

Companies operating in certain sectors must obtain prior clearance from the relevant authorities or professional bodies. These include medical and dental businesses, law firms, insurance and reinsurance companies, and firms supervised by the Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission.

The Central Bank of Cyprus must also approve company names associated with payment institutions, electronic money and foreign exchange services. Additional restrictions apply to educational institutions using terms such as “university” or “college”, casino operators, broadcasters and wine producers.

Non-profit organisations seeking to register without “Limited” or “Ltd” in their names also require ministerial authorisation.

Sanctions And Foreign Ownership Trigger Extra Checks

Applications involving shareholders, directors or company secretaries subject to EU, UN or US sanctions receive additional scrutiny. Registration can proceed only if the competent sanctions authority does not prohibit it. Damianou noted that US sanctions are considered indirectly but have not been incorporated into Cyprus legislation in the same way as EU and UN restrictions.

Applications involving Turkish interests are also subject to additional review. Under procedures introduced around 20 years ago, the registrar must consult national security services before proceeding with registrations involving Turkish interests or businesses that could threaten the Republic’s security.

Damianou distinguished these cases from applications submitted by Turkish Cypriots, saying there is “no substantial difference” in how their registration documents are examined. Applications may nevertheless be refused if classified information raises concerns about national interests or national security.

Public Servants Face Separate Restrictions

Under Article 65 of the public service law, government employees cannot act as directors, company secretaries or shareholders in private or public companies without prior special permission from the finance minister.

Proposed Law Would Expand Registrar’s Powers

The government is also seeking to strengthen the Registrar of Companies’ authority to address potential security risks. An amendment to the companies law, submitted to Parliament on September 17, would allow the registrar to reject applications, refuse company filings or remove existing businesses from the register on grounds including national security, public order, public interest and the protection of state sovereignty.

The proposal, approved by the Council of Ministers on August 6, remains before the House commerce committee. It would allow authorities to withhold detailed justifications where disclosure could reveal sensitive information, while informing affected companies of the general grounds for decisions.

The bill follows parliamentary discussions about companies controlled by non-EU nationals, particularly those with Turkish ultimate beneficial owners, and possible implications for property ownership through foreign-controlled businesses. Further details are available in the proposed amendment and earlier parliamentary reporting.

Balancing Investment And Oversight

Cyprus is seeking to maintain an efficient company registration process while strengthening checks on ownership, sanctions compliance and potential security risks.

The two-to-four-day target supports the country’s appeal to entrepreneurs and international investors, but the actual timeline depends on the nature of the business, the documentation submitted and any additional regulatory or security reviews required.

eCredo
Aretilaw firm
The Future Forbes Realty Global Properties
Uol

Become a Speaker

Become a Speaker

Become a Partner

Subscribe for our weekly newsletter