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Cyprus Considers Extending Basic Payment Account Rules To Small Businesses

Legislative Proposals Set For Review

Cypriot lawmakers are preparing to examine proposals that would extend the framework of basic payment accounts to very small businesses. The initiative is expected to be brought before the parliamentary plenary in the coming period. However, the proposals have drawn strong opposition from several institutions, including the finance ministry, the Central Bank of Cyprus (CBC) and commercial banks. The discussion in the House Commerce Committee follows nearly three years of review and consultations.

In-Depth Overview Of The Proposals

The first legislative proposal seeks to redefine the term “consumer” so that very small businesses would fall within the scope of basic payment account regulations. It also aims to improve transparency and comparability of bank charges linked to these accounts.

The second proposal would prevent banks from rejecting an application for a basic payment account simply because the applicant already holds an account with another credit institution. Supporters argue that this change would ensure broader and more equal access to essential banking services.

Historical Context And Regulatory Debates

During the committee session, MP Costas explained that the proposal to expand the definition of “consumer” dates back to amendments discussed in 2020 following the adoption of a relevant European directive. At the time, the proposal was postponed due to concerns that Cyprus could face legal complications at the European level if the directive was not fully transposed into national law. According to Costas and fellow MPs Giannakis Gavriel and Andreas Pasiourtidis, the issue has not been incorporated into a government bill.

Mixed Reactions From Key Stakeholders

Several public authorities have raised concerns about the proposed changes. Avgi Chrysostomou-Lapathiotis, representing the finance ministry, argued that the new provisions could impose additional obligations on banks that are already regulated under EU harmonisation legislation. The consumer protection service also noted that a broader legislative review of the framework remains pending.

A representative of the Central Bank of Cyprus, Artemis Nicolaou, questioned whether the changes are necessary. According to the CBC, the current volume of complaints does not justify expanding supervisory responsibilities without prior consultation with the European Central Bank.

Industry Concerns Over Business Risk Management

The banking sector has also expressed reservations about the proposals. Michalis Kronides, Senior Director of the Cyprus Banks Association, warned that the changes could limit banks’ ability to assess and manage client risk. He argued that financial institutions could be required to serve higher-risk businesses, including companies operating in sectors such as cryptocurrency.

Under the current framework, basic payment accounts are intended to cover routine banking services such as deposits, withdrawals, direct debits, card payments, online transactions and credit transfers. The proposed reforms, therefore, raise broader questions about how to balance financial access with risk management in the banking system.

Cyprus Company Registration: Two To Four Days, Unless Security Checks Intervene

Cyprus aims to register companies within two to four working days when applicants submit complete documentation. However, regulatory approvals, sanctions checks, foreign ownership and national security considerations can extend the process or prevent registration.

Energy, Commerce and Industry Minister Michael Damianou outlined the timeframe in a written response to MP Efrem Christou, who asked about company formation procedures and the checks required before approval.

Fast Registration Depends On Complete Documentation

Damianou said authorities seek to process complete applications within two to four working days, regardless of a company’s structural complexity. The timeframe also depends on whether applicants pay an additional fee for expedited processing.

According to the official incorporation requirements, the standard registration fee is €165, rising to €235 for companies without share capital. Expedited processing costs an additional €100.

Applicants must submit an approved company name, a memorandum and articles of association, and forms HE1, HE2 and HE3. Public companies must also provide form HE5.

Regulated Businesses Require Additional Approval

Companies operating in certain sectors must obtain prior clearance from the relevant authorities or professional bodies. These include medical and dental businesses, law firms, insurance and reinsurance companies, and firms supervised by the Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission.

The Central Bank of Cyprus must also approve company names associated with payment institutions, electronic money and foreign exchange services. Additional restrictions apply to educational institutions using terms such as “university” or “college”, casino operators, broadcasters and wine producers.

Non-profit organisations seeking to register without “Limited” or “Ltd” in their names also require ministerial authorisation.

Sanctions And Foreign Ownership Trigger Extra Checks

Applications involving shareholders, directors or company secretaries subject to EU, UN or US sanctions receive additional scrutiny. Registration can proceed only if the competent sanctions authority does not prohibit it. Damianou noted that US sanctions are considered indirectly but have not been incorporated into Cyprus legislation in the same way as EU and UN restrictions.

Applications involving Turkish interests are also subject to additional review. Under procedures introduced around 20 years ago, the registrar must consult national security services before proceeding with registrations involving Turkish interests or businesses that could threaten the Republic’s security.

Damianou distinguished these cases from applications submitted by Turkish Cypriots, saying there is “no substantial difference” in how their registration documents are examined. Applications may nevertheless be refused if classified information raises concerns about national interests or national security.

Public Servants Face Separate Restrictions

Under Article 65 of the public service law, government employees cannot act as directors, company secretaries or shareholders in private or public companies without prior special permission from the finance minister.

Proposed Law Would Expand Registrar’s Powers

The government is also seeking to strengthen the Registrar of Companies’ authority to address potential security risks. An amendment to the companies law, submitted to Parliament on September 17, would allow the registrar to reject applications, refuse company filings or remove existing businesses from the register on grounds including national security, public order, public interest and the protection of state sovereignty.

The proposal, approved by the Council of Ministers on August 6, remains before the House commerce committee. It would allow authorities to withhold detailed justifications where disclosure could reveal sensitive information, while informing affected companies of the general grounds for decisions.

The bill follows parliamentary discussions about companies controlled by non-EU nationals, particularly those with Turkish ultimate beneficial owners, and possible implications for property ownership through foreign-controlled businesses. Further details are available in the proposed amendment and earlier parliamentary reporting.

Balancing Investment And Oversight

Cyprus is seeking to maintain an efficient company registration process while strengthening checks on ownership, sanctions compliance and potential security risks.

The two-to-four-day target supports the country’s appeal to entrepreneurs and international investors, but the actual timeline depends on the nature of the business, the documentation submitted and any additional regulatory or security reviews required.

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