Breaking news

Cyprus Budget Deficit Rises To €1.79 Billion In 2025

Overview Of The Fiscal Report

Cyprus recorded a state budget deficit of €1.79 billion in 2025, according to the latest fiscal report from the Treasury. The report compares planned and actual revenues and expenditures and is submitted annually by the Accountant General within three months of the financial year’s end.

Fiscal Report Insights And Approval Process

The report was prepared by Accountant General Andreas Antoniades and submitted to Finance Minister Makis Keravnos on March 12, 2026. It was approved by the Cabinet on March 16 and later submitted to the House of Representatives on March 23. An audit by the Auditor General is also included, supporting the accuracy of the financial data.

Revenue And Expenditure Trends

Revenues, excluding loan-related inflows, reached €10.05 billion in 2025, up from €9.57 billion in 2024, while expenditures rose to €10.15 billion from €9.89 billion. This resulted in a pre-borrowing deficit of €0.10 billion, compared to €0.32 billion the previous year.

Impact Of Loan Activities On The Fiscal Position

Once loan activity is included, the overall deficit widens. Loan drawdowns and repayments fell to €0.16 billion in 2025, down from €1.24 billion in 2024. At the same time, spending related to loan repayments and issuances declined to €1.85 billion from €2.53 billion. As a result, the total budget deficit increased to €1.79 billion, compared to €1.61 billion a year earlier.

The Central Role Of Taxation

Tax revenue remained the main source of state income, reaching €8.6 billion in 2025, up from €8 billion in 2024. This accounts for around 86% of total revenues. The structure remained broadly unchanged, with 44% coming from indirect taxes and 42% from direct taxes.

Key Expenditure Categories And Public Debt Overview

Spending on public sector wages, pensions and gratuities totalled €3.52 billion. Social benefits reached €2.02 billion, including a €0.82 billion state contribution to the General Healthcare System. Grants and contributions to public entities and international organisations amounted to €1.67 billion.

Total government debt, excluding intra-government borrowing, declined to €19.24 billion at the end of 2025, from €20.92 billion a year earlier. At the same time, intra-government borrowing increased to €13.21 billion from €12.03 billion.

Conclusion

The report shows a narrowing deficit before borrowing, alongside a higher overall deficit once loan activity is included. At the same time, tax revenues continue to support public finances, while government debt remains on a downward path.

Bank of Cyprus Upgrade Signals Fresh Optimism For Greek And Cypriot Banks

Regional Banks Enter A More Favorable Cycle

Bank of Cyprus and Eurobank are well positioned to benefit from a renewed re-rating of Greek and Cypriot bank stocks, according to Cyprus-based investment firm Roemer Capital, which upgraded Bank of Cyprus to a buy rating and reaffirmed its positive view on Eurobank.

The firm cited easing geopolitical tensions, resilient economic growth in Greece and Cyprus, lower funding costs and Greece’s expected transition to developed-market status as the main factors supporting the sector.

Roemer Capital also lowered its cost of equity assumptions, updated its forecasts following first-quarter 2026 results and extended its valuation horizon to the end of 2027, raising target prices across its banking coverage.

Bank Of Cyprus Gets The Largest Upgrade

Bank of Cyprus received the biggest revision, with Roemer Capital upgrading the stock from hold to buy and setting a target price of €11.10, implying potential total upside of 27%.

The firm highlighted the bank’s strong capital generation, profitability and projected 100% dividend payout, describing it as the strongest capital-return story among the banks under coverage. Roemer Capital maintained its buy rating on Eurobank, assigning a target price of €4.90 and forecasting potential upside of 28%. The report said the bank is well placed to benefit from loan growth, improving operating performance and merger-and-acquisition synergies.

National Bank of Greece and Piraeus Bank also retained buy ratings, with expected returns ranging from 25% to 36%. Optima Bank was upgraded to buy, while Alpha Bank remained at hold on valuation grounds.

Why Growth Still Sets The Region Apart

According to Roemer Capital, Greek and Cypriot banks continue to benefit from stronger economic fundamentals than many western European peers. The report pointed to faster economic growth, healthier balance sheets, low levels of non-performing exposures, capital ratios approaching 20% and strong customer deposit bases.

Analysts expect performing loans across the sector to grow at a compound annual rate of 6% to 8% through 2028, supported by private investment, digitalisation, green manufacturing, supply-chain expansion and a gradual recovery in household lending.

The report also said the conclusion of lending under the EU Recovery and Resilience Facility is unlikely to materially affect credit growth, as banks have already shifted back towards traditional commercial lending. Roemer Capital expects Euribor to remain between 2.2% and 2.5%, a level it believes should support both lending activity and net interest margins.

Geopolitics, Valuation And Market Structure Support The Case

The report said improving geopolitical conditions have strengthened the investment outlook, noting that Brent crude prices have largely returned to pre-war levels while Greek government bond yields have stabilised at around 3.5%. Although geopolitical risks remain, Roemer Capital believes the likelihood of a major inflationary shock or significant pressure on bank profitability has eased.

Another important catalyst identified by the firm is Greece’s expected promotion to developed-market status by FTSE Russell, STOXX and MSCI over the coming months.

According to the report, the reclassification should improve liquidity and attract a broader base of international investors. Roemer Capital also said Euronext’s acquisition of the Athens Exchange is expected to strengthen market infrastructure and increase international visibility, particularly for Bank of Cyprus and Optima Bank.

The firm noted that Bank of Cyprus has already benefited from its Athens listing, with average daily trading value increasing from less than €400,000 before its September 2024 move to nearly €6 million afterwards.

Economic Momentum Remains A Core Tailwind

Roemer Capital said both Greece and Cyprus have moved beyond post-crisis recovery and are now supported by private-sector-led growth. For Cyprus, the report highlighted recent tax reform and efforts to simplify the legal and regulatory framework, while also noting that limited foreign banking competition continues to support domestic lenders.

Overall, Roemer Capital expects Greek and Cypriot banks to remain well-positioned for profitable loan growth over the coming years.

Aretilaw firm
The Future Forbes Realty Global Properties
eCredo
Uol

Become a Speaker

Become a Speaker

Become a Partner

Subscribe for our weekly newsletter