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Cyprus Achieves Fiscal Surplus Of €939.2 Million In 2025

Fiscal Overview And Economic Implications

Cyprus recorded a fiscal surplus of €939.2 million in 2025, according to preliminary data from the Cyprus Statistical Service (Cystat). The surplus corresponds to 2.6% of GDP, compared with 4.1% or €1.44 billion recorded in 2024. Although the surplus narrowed compared with the previous year, the budget balance remained positive as government revenue continued to expand.

Robust Revenue Growth Drives Fiscal Performance

Total government revenue increased by €864.8 million to €15.62 billion, representing a 5.9% rise compared with 2024. Key contributors included income and wealth taxes, which increased by 9.0% to €4.15 billion. Social contributions also rose significantly, adding €358.7 million and reaching €4.88 billion.

Sectoral Contributions And Shifts In Tax Revenues

Property income recorded one of the largest increases, rising by 30.4% to €160.3 million. Taxes on production and imports remained broadly stable at €4.70 billion. Within this category, net VAT revenue declined slightly by 1.7%, falling from €3.17 billion to €3.12 billion.

Dynamic Revenue Streams And Investments

Revenue from the sale of goods and services increased by 17.9% to €1.05 billion. Current transfers also grew by 7.1%, reaching €421.1 million. At the same time, capital transfers declined by 22.0%, falling to €262.9 million from €337.0 million in the previous year.

Escalated Government Expenditures

Total government expenditure rose by 10.3% to €14.68 billion. Employee compensation, including civil servant pensions and social contributions, increased by 6.5% to €4.13 billion. Social benefits rose by 7.2%, reaching €5.69 billion compared with €5.30 billion in 2024. Intermediate consumption increased by 9.3% to €1.60 billion, while current transfers rose by €77.8 million to €920.2 million.

Accelerated Capital Investments Amid Cautious Debt Management

Capital spending recorded a notable increase of 46.6%, reaching €1.77 billion. Gross capital formation rose by 25.1% to €1.21 billion, while other capital expenditure more than doubled, increasing from €240.4 million to €559.9 million. Interest payments on government debt declined by 6.1% to €418.7 million, and subsidy allocations fell by 11.4% to €151.8 million.

Data Reporting Challenges And Forward Outlook

Cystat noted that estimates were used for certain government sectors, particularly local authorities, due to incomplete data submissions. These reporting gaps highlight the importance of improving data collection across public administration as fiscal reporting continues to evolve.

Cyprus’ Poverty And Social Exclusion Risk Stands At 17.1%

Cyprus recorded a poverty or social exclusion risk rate of 17.1% in 2025, below the European Union average of 20.9%, according to new Eurostat figures. Across the bloc, however, more than 92 million people continued to face the risk, highlighting persistent social and economic inequalities.

More Than 92 Million People At Risk Across The EU

A total of 92.7 million people across the EU were at risk of poverty or social exclusion in 2025, equivalent to just over one in five residents.

Cyprus is treated as a single statistical region because of its size, unlike many member states divided into multiple regions for comparison. Its national figure therefore provides an overall picture but does not capture differences between districts or communities.

Regional Gaps Remain Stark Across Europe

The risk varied considerably across the EU, with the highest rates concentrated largely in southern, eastern and outermost regions. In 24 of the 243 regions with available data, at least 31.5% of the population faced poverty or social exclusion.

These regions were located in Spain, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, France and Romania, as well as Brussels in Belgium and Bremen in north-western Germany.

French Guiana recorded the highest rate, at 54.8%, followed by Calabria in southern Italy at 45.3% and Sicily at 44%. Melilla, a Spanish autonomous city, recorded 43.7%, while Réunion, another French outermost region, stood at 42.3%.

Central Europe Records The Lowest Rates

At the other end of the scale, 24 regions reported poverty or social exclusion risk rates below 13% in 2025. These included five eastern EU capital regions: Bratislava in Slovakia, Warsaw in Poland, Prague in the Czech Republic, Budapest in Hungary and Zagreb in Croatia.

Other regions with low rates were concentrated in northern Italy, the Czech Republic, northern Belgium, Hungary, Poland and Austria, illustrating the uneven distribution of economic security across Europe.

Cyprus Remains Below The EU Average

Cyprus’ rate of 17.1% places it below the EU average, although it remains higher than the levels recorded in the bloc’s lowest-risk regions.

The figures suggest that Cyprus performs relatively well compared with the wider EU, but poverty and social exclusion remain significant challenges across the bloc, affecting more than 92 million people.

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