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EU Invests In Revolutionary Microchip Technology For AI and Space Exploration

The EU is ramping up investment in cutting-edge microchip technology, crucial for AI, space exploration, and beyond. As demand for smaller, more powerful chips grows, Europe is backing innovative research and production to secure its future in tech.

On June 1, 2024, China’s Chang’e 6 mission successfully landed on the Moon to collect samples, and Edouard Lepape, managing director of NanoXplore, a French firm specializing in microchips for space, proudly highlighted his company’s contribution. “One of our components is currently on the Moon,” he said, referring to a specialized chip used in aerospace.

Lepape leads DUROC, an EU-funded initiative designed to advance microchip tech for space, involving experts from Germany, France, Greece, and Sweden. Partners like Airbus and Thales are also on board, pushing European chip technology to new heights. Space chips are distinct from commercial devices, and designed to withstand extreme radiation, cold temperatures, and vibrations. “You can’t just use ordinary chips in space,” Lepape explained, noting the harsh environment that requires chips to be ultra-durable and energy-efficient.

Microchips, which power everything from smartphones to supercomputers, have been shrinking and becoming more powerful since the first integrated circuit in 1959. Today’s microchips contain billions of transistors and are essential in everything from AI to everyday gadgets. The industry constantly pushes for smaller, faster chips, with each generation offering improved power efficiency and performance. In 2019, the 7nm chip was introduced, followed by the more advanced 3nm chips in the latest smartphones.

“The demand for smaller transistors is driven by the need for smarter devices like smartphones and AI,” said Marc Assinck, spokesperson for ASML, a company specializing in microchip lithography. ASML’s SeNaTe consortium helped develop 7nm technology, which paved the way for today’s 3nm chips.

However, Europe’s share of the global chip market has dwindled to just 10%, with Asia dominating production. To regain competitiveness, the EU launched the European Chips Act, aiming to double Europe’s semiconductor market share to 20% by 2030, with a €43 billion investment in R&D and manufacturing.

In 2024, TSMC, Taiwan’s largest chipmaker, began construction of its first European plant in Dresden, Germany, in partnership with Bosch, Infineon, and NXP. Production is set to begin in 2027. Meanwhile, Intel is also building a massive facility in Germany, expected to be Europe’s largest semiconductor plant.

Both TSMC and Intel are among the few capable of producing cutting-edge 3nm chips, alongside South Korea’s Samsung. As Europe aims to boost its chip manufacturing capacity, the focus is not just on consumer electronics but also on the unique needs of space tech.

Space-bound chips, unlike those used in smartphones, must be able to process large amounts of data while consuming minimal power and resisting radiation. Currently, space chips use 65nm and 28nm technology, but NanoXplore and DUROC are working to bring space chips to 7nm. “If we achieve 7nm for space, we’ll be a major player,” said Lepape.

With support from the EU’s Horizon Programme and initiatives like Space R&I, Europe hopes to stay competitive in the global chip race, ensuring technological sovereignty for AI and other critical industries.

Research for this article was funded by the EU’s Horizon Programme, and the opinions shared are those of the interviewees, not necessarily the European Commission.

The Decline Of Smartwatches: A Turning Point In The Wearable Tech Industry

For the first time in history, the smartwatch market is facing a significant downturn. Shipments are expected to drop by 7% in 2024, marking a major shift in a segment that has been growing steadily for over a decade. A report by Counterpoint reveals that while Apple still holds the top spot, its dominance is being challenged by a surge from Chinese brands like Huawei, Xiaomi, and BBK. Even as the overall market struggles, some companies are thriving.

The Big Picture: Why Smartwatches Are Slowing Down

Apple’s flagship products have long been the driving force in the smartwatch market, but even the tech giant is feeling the pressure. The company’s shipments are projected to fall by 19% this year, though it will remain the market leader. Meanwhile, brands from China are capitalizing on the shift, with Huawei showing an impressive 35% growth in sales, driven by the booming domestic market and a broad range of offerings, including smartwatches for kids.

Xiaomi, too, is experiencing remarkable success, with a staggering 135% increase in sales. In contrast, Samsung is seeing more modest growth, up 3%, thanks to its latest Galaxy Watch 7 and Galaxy Watch Ultra series.

While some companies are succeeding, the broader market is facing headwinds. The biggest factor behind the overall decline is the slowdown in India, where consumer demand for smartwatches has stagnated. The segment is suffering from a lack of innovation and fresh updates, leaving many consumers with little incentive to upgrade their devices. Add to that market saturation, and it’s clear why many users are content with their current models. The Chinese market, however, is bucking the trend, showing 6% growth in 2024.

A Glimpse Into The Future

Looking ahead, the smartwatch market may begin to recover in 2025, driven by the increasing integration of AI and advanced health monitoring tools. As these technologies evolve, the industry could see a resurgence in demand.

Huawei’s Remarkable Comeback

Huawei’s impressive performance in the smartwatch space signals a broader recovery for the company, which has been hit hard by US sanctions. Once the world’s largest smartphone maker, Huawei’s business was decimated when it lost access to advanced chips and Google’s Android operating system in 2019. But in China, Huawei has maintained its dominance, with its market share growing to 17% in 2024.

This resurgence was partly driven by the launch of the Mate 60 Pro, a smartphone featuring a 7-nanometer chip developed in China. Despite US sanctions, the device surprised many with its capabilities, a testament to China’s rising investment in domestic semiconductor production.

In February, Huawei also unveiled its Mate XT foldable smartphone, the world’s first device to fold in three directions. Running on HarmonyOS 4.2, Huawei’s proprietary operating system, the phone further demonstrates the company’s resilience and ability to innovate despite international challenges.

Huawei’s smartwatch offerings are also catching attention, particularly the Huawei Watch GT 5 Pro, which launched in September of last year. With a premium titanium alloy design, a high-resolution AMOLED display, and impressive health tracking features, the GT 5 Pro has become a standout in the market, available to both Android and iOS users.

A Brief History Of The Smartwatch Revolution

The smartwatch market has had its fair share of milestones, but the real breakthrough came in 2012 with the Pebble, a Kickstarter-funded project that raised over $10 million. Pebble introduced the world to smartphone integration, app downloads, and long battery life, becoming the first truly mass-market smartwatch.

In 2013, Samsung entered the game with the Galaxy Gear, marking its first attempt at wearable tech. But it was Apple’s entry in 2014 that truly set the industry on fire. The Apple Watch’s sleek design, integration with iOS, and emphasis on health and fitness catapulted it to the top of the market, establishing a standard that many other brands would try to follow.

By 2021, the smartwatch industry had grown to over $30 billion in revenue, with annual growth reaching 20%. Yet now, it finds itself at a crossroads, with innovation stagnating and market saturation taking a toll.

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