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California’s Bold Move: EPA Approves Phase-Out of Gas-Powered Cars by 2035

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has granted California the authority to enforce a groundbreaking regulation banning the sale of most new gasoline- and diesel-powered cars and light trucks starting in 2035. This decision, rooted in California’s unique ability to set stricter emissions standards under the Clean Air Act, signals a pivotal shift toward zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs) in the nation’s most populous state.

California’s journey toward this ambitious goal began in 2022 when the state outlined its multi-year strategy to reduce fossil fuel vehicle sales. The plan includes a gradual phase-out, culminating in a complete ban by 2035. Automakers have had mixed reactions to the policy. While many have acknowledged California’s right to impose stricter standards and have pledged to scale down the production of fossil fuel vehicles, they have also sought more time to comply. Some automakers have lobbied for federal intervention, calling for relief from the aggressive timelines.

“We anticipate that President Trump’s administration will attempt to revoke this waiver in 2025,” said John Bozzella, CEO of the Alliance for Automotive Innovation. His statement reflects the ongoing political tug-of-war surrounding California’s authority to enforce its own emissions standards, a power that has been repeatedly challenged in recent years.

The Roadmap To 2035: Milestones Along The Way

California’s transition will not happen overnight. Starting in 2026, the state will require that 35% of new vehicle sales be zero-emission vehicles, which include electric and hydrogen-powered models. By 2030, that percentage will rise to 68%, ultimately reaching 100% by 2035. Notably, plug-in hybrid vehicles will still be permitted to account for up to 20% of total sales, provided they have a minimum electric range of 50 miles.

Zero-emission vehicles are already making inroads in the market. In the third quarter of this year, ZEVs accounted for 26.4% of all new vehicle sales in California—a clear sign that consumer adoption is accelerating.

Political Pushback: Will History Repeat Itself?

While the Biden administration’s EPA has given California the green light to move forward with its ZEV ambitions, history suggests that the road ahead may be bumpy. During President Trump’s previous administration, California’s waiver to enforce its own emissions standards was revoked in 2019. It took the Biden administration’s EPA three years to reinstate it, following a lawsuit filed by 23 states against the federal government. If the waiver is challenged again, experts believe it could take another protracted legal battle to resolve.

Revoking the waiver would not be a simple task. The previous effort to rescind it took 18 months, underscoring the complexity and legal scrutiny involved in reversing the policy. Still, industry insiders expect renewed efforts to overturn the waiver if the political landscape shifts in 2025.

Ripple Effects Beyond California

California’s influence extends beyond its borders. Sixteen other states and the District of Columbia have adopted elements of California’s emissions standards, with many of them pledging to phase out gas-powered cars as well. This network of aligned states amplifies the impact of California’s policy, creating a ripple effect that could reshape the U.S. auto market.

With the 2035 deadline fast approaching, the stage is set for a historic transition in the automotive industry. California’s zero-emission vehicle mandate not only aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions but also positions the state as a leader in the global race for cleaner, greener transportation.

Meta’s Muse Charm Is More Than A Gimmick — It’s A Bet On Fashionable AI

Meta’s newly announced Muse Charm is already prompting a familiar question: is this a clever attempt to make AI feel more approachable to mainstream consumers, or simply the latest entry in a growing graveyard of flashy hardware that failed to catch on?

Early reactions have been mixed. But one thing is clear: the form factor is timely. In a market increasingly shaped by aesthetics, personalization, and nostalgia, the Charm arrives with the right visual language for the moment.

A Device Designed For A Generation That Likes To Carry Its Personality

For Gen Z consumers, especially, the idea of technology as an accessory is hardly far-fetched. In the post-Labubu era, dangling objects have become cultural currency — from keychains and mini plush toys to beauty products reimagined as bag charms. The appeal is not purely decorative. These items function as signals of identity.

That is precisely why the Charm may resonate. Like the beauty-bag charm trend seen across products such as lip glosses, hand sanitizers, and fragrances, the Muse Charm blends utility with self-expression. It is not just a device. It is a style object.

Hailey Bieber’s Rhode lip case helped push that idea into the mainstream by turning a lip product into something closer to a fashion accessory. The brand’s commercial success underscored how powerful that overlap can be: beauty and utility are no longer separate categories, but increasingly part of the same consumer logic.

The same goes for Labubu, the fuzzy collectible that evolved from niche toy to global phenomenon. While demand for the character may have cooled, the broader bag-charm category has not. Analysts now expect the global market for these accessories to surpass $1 billion by 2030.

The Charm Fits A Wider Retro-Tech Revival

Meta’s Muse Charm also taps into a broader retro-tech movement that has been gaining momentum. Digital cameras, flip phones, iPods, CDs, cassette tapes, wired earbuds, and even landline phones are all finding new life among younger consumers who are increasingly skeptical of always-on, algorithmically optimized technology.

That skepticism has created room for objects that feel tangible, controllable, and personal. For many young people, especially women driving a great deal of this trend, physical tech offers something the digital world often does not: a sense of ownership.

That is part of the appeal behind the growing popularity of so-called cyberdecks, DIY portable computers that are often decorated with jewels, flowers, stickers, pearls, and other embellishments. The point is not just function. It is intimacy.

The Apple Watch Trend Shows The Market Already Exists

There is another, more immediate reference point for Muse Charm: the growing TikTok-driven trend of turning older Apple Watches into keychains, pendants, and bag accessories. Across Amazon, Walmart, eBay, and Etsy, thousands of such products already exist, ranging from practical straps to decorative cases.

In many cases, these items are being worn less as gadgets and more as fashion objects. That distinction matters. It suggests the market is already primed for devices that blur the line between technology and accessory — especially when the technology is small enough to personalize and visible enough to signal taste.

In that sense, Meta is not inventing a new behavior so much as trying to package an existing one.

Meta’s Biggest Challenge Is Not Design. It Is Trust.

Still, good timing does not guarantee success. The biggest obstacle facing Muse Charm may not be product-market fit, but Meta itself.

The company has spent years eroding consumer trust through repeated privacy controversies, regulatory penalties, and public scrutiny over harms to minors. That history is difficult to separate from any new device that asks users to invite Meta even deeper into their daily lives.

And that is the central tension. If Muse Charm is positioned as a free or low-cost AI companion, the real currency may not be the hardware itself but the data it generates. Meta has said it plans to monetize Muse through a small transaction fee, but the broader business model is unmistakable: highly personalized advertising powered by highly personal behavior.

For consumers, the calculation may come down to a familiar tradeoff. The device may be playful, fashionable, and culturally on point. But whether users are willing to trust Meta with another layer of their lives is a far harder question.

That may ultimately determine whether Muse Charm becomes a breakout product — or just another well-designed gadget that could not overcome the baggage of the company behind it.

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