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Cyprus Implements EU-Mandated 15% Tax Rate On Large Multinationals

Cyprus is set to introduce a 15% minimum tax rate for large multinational corporations, in compliance with the EU directive aimed at harmonising tax policies across member states. The move, endorsed by Cyprus’ Finance Minister Makis Keravnos, is expected to generate over €200 million in additional revenue. This decision, while marking a significant shift from the current 12.5% rate, aligns Cyprus with the broader OECD-led initiative to establish a global minimum tax rate. Despite concerns, Keravnos reassured that the change is unlikely to drive multinationals out of the country, as the directive applies EU-wide.

This adjustment reflects a crucial step in Cyprus’ ongoing efforts to maintain competitiveness while adhering to international tax standards. With the proposal now before the Cabinet and soon to be discussed in Parliament, the nation is poised to balance its attractive tax regime with the demands of a globalised economy.

The introduction of this tax rate signals Cyprus’ commitment to international cooperation on tax matters, aiming to prevent profit-shifting practices that have historically allowed large corporations to minimise tax liabilities. For Cyprus, a key hub for multinational firms, this move could redefine its positioning in the global business landscape, ensuring it remains a compliant yet competitive destination for international business.

While the increase may seem minor, the 15% rate represents a broader shift in global tax policy, driven by a collective effort to create a more level playing field for taxation. For Cyprus, traditionally seen as a tax-friendly jurisdiction, this could challenge its status, pushing it to leverage other competitive advantages beyond low tax rates, such as a robust legal framework, strategic location, and skilled workforce. The long-term impact on foreign direct investment will be a critical metric to watch as this policy unfolds.

Cyprus Tax Reform Ushers In Revised Deductions And Elevated Penalties

Effective January 1, Cyprus has implemented significant changes to its tax legislation. The reform adjusts rates and deductions and imposes substantially higher penalties, signaling a robust commitment to boosting compliance and deterring evasion.

Enhanced Deterrence Measures

The revised framework significantly raises administrative fines across a wide range of activities. One of the most notable changes concerns the obligation to accept credit card payments. The penalty for non-compliance has increased to €6,000, up from €4,000 previously and €2,000 when the requirement was first introduced in 2021. The rule applies across retail, services, hospitality, and leisure sectors and forms part of broader efforts to limit undeclared transactions and protect public revenue.

Adjustments To Reporting And Submission Deadlines

Penalties for failures related to tax filings and data submissions have also been tightened. The daily fine for a continuing violation has risen from €17 to €20, while the penalty for unjustifiably omitting income from a tax return now reaches €5,000, compared with €2,000 under the previous regime. Non-compliance with invoicing and receipt requirements is subject to the same ceiling, replacing the earlier fine of €450. These measures reinforce stricter expectations around accurate reporting and documentation.

Graduated Consequences For Late Payments And Serious Breaches

A tiered penalty system now applies to late submissions. Individuals face a fine of €150, small companies with a turnover below €1 million are charged €250, and larger businesses incur a fine of €500. If deadlines set by the tax commissioner are missed, the penalties escalate further to €300, €500, or €1,000, respectively. No fine is imposed, however, when an official extension is granted, and returns along with self-assessed taxes are filed within the approved timeframe, typically by July 31 or January 31.

Strict Penalties For Serious Tax Offenses

The reform also strengthens sanctions for more serious violations. Where business premises are sealed due to breaches such as failure to issue lawful receipts or outstanding tax debts, any attempt to tamper with the seal constitutes a criminal offense. Such actions may result in fines of up to €30,000 and imprisonment of up to two years. In cases of unpaid taxes, company executives, board members, or financial officers may also be held personally liable.

Penalties linked to the extraordinary defence contribution have been significantly increased. A first conviction may lead to a fine of up to €5,000, together with payment of up to double the amount owed. A second conviction carries far heavier consequences, including fines of up to €100,000, imprisonment of up to two years, and payment of up to four times the original contribution. Offences related to defence procurement or associated financial benefits are punishable by fines of up to €30,000, rising to €100,000 when a public official or person acting on behalf of the Republic is involved.

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