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Decline In Business Loans Amidst Economic Uncertainty

The latest data from the Central Bank of Cyprus indicates a notable decline in the issuance of new business loans during the first five months of 2024. The reduction is largely attributed to the prevailing high interest rates and overarching economic uncertainties, which have deterred businesses from taking on new debt.

Decrease in Loan Issuance

New business loans amounted to €814 million from January to May 2024, marking a significant drop from €971 million during the same period in 2023, representing a decrease of 16.1%. This downward trend contrasts with the increase in loans to households, which rose by 6% to €556 million, up from €524 million in the previous year.

Factors Influencing the Decline

The economic environment in Cyprus has been characterised by heightened interest rates, making borrowing more expensive and less attractive for businesses. Additionally, the broader economic uncertainties have prompted companies to adopt a more cautious approach, opting to restructure existing debts rather than seek new loans. The data reflects a broader trend where businesses are focusing on managing their current financial obligations in a volatile economic climate.

Restructuring Over New Borrowing

The preference for debt restructuring over new borrowing is evident from the data. Business loan restructurings decreased to €731.1 million from €951.7 million in 2023. This decline indicates a strategic shift among businesses towards consolidating and managing existing debts instead of expanding their borrowing.

Household Loans on the Rise

In contrast to the business sector, household loans have shown resilience and growth. The increase in household loan issuance suggests a stable demand for personal and residential financing. This growth may be supported by favourable government policies and economic measures aimed at boosting consumer confidence and spending.

Implications and Future Outlook

The decline in business loans could have significant implications for the Cypriot economy. Reduced borrowing can lead to lower investment in business expansion and innovation, potentially impacting economic growth. However, the focus on debt restructuring may lead to healthier balance sheets and more sustainable financial practices in the long run.

Cyprus Hits Historic Tourism Peak As Overtourism Risks Mount

Record-Breaking Performance In Tourism

Cyprus’ tourism sector achieved unprecedented success in 2025 with record-breaking arrivals and revenues. According to Eurobank analyst Konstantinos Vrachimis, the island’s performance was underpinned by solid real income growth and enhanced market diversification.

Robust Growth In Arrivals And Revenues

Total tourist arrivals reached 4.5 million in 2025, rising 12.2% from 4 million in 2024, with momentum sustained through the final quarter. Tourism receipts for the January–November period climbed to €3.6 billion, marking a 15.3% year-on-year increase that exceeded inflation. The improvement was not driven by volume alone. Average expenditure per visitor increased by 4.6%, while daily spending rose by 9.2%, indicating stronger purchasing power and higher-value tourism activity.

Economic Impact And Diversification Of Source Markets

The stronger performance translated into tangible gains for the broader services economy, lifting real tourism-related income and overall sector turnover. Demand patterns are also shifting. While the United Kingdom remains Cyprus’ largest source market, its relative share has moderated as arrivals from Israel, Germany, Italy, the Czech Republic, the Netherlands, Austria, and Poland have expanded. This gradual diversification reduces dependency on a single market and strengthens resilience against external shocks.

Enhanced Air Connectivity And Seasonal Dynamics

Air connectivity has improved markedly in 2025, with flight volumes expanding substantially compared to 2019. This expansion is driven by increased airline capacity, enhanced route coverage, and more frequent flights, supporting demand during shoulder seasons and reducing overreliance on peak-month flows. Seasonal patterns remain prominent, with arrivals building through the spring and peaking in summer, thereby bolstering employment, fiscal receipts, and corporate earnings across hospitality, transport, and retail sectors.

Structural Risks And Future Considerations

Despite strong headline figures, structural challenges remain. The European Commission’s EU Tourism Dashboard highlights tourism intensity, seasonality, and market concentration as key risk indicators. Cyprus records a high ratio of overnight stays relative to its resident population, signalling potential overtourism pressures. Continued reliance on a limited group of origin markets also exposes the sector to geopolitical uncertainty and sudden demand swings. Seasonal peaks place additional strain on infrastructure, housing availability, labour supply, and natural resources, particularly water.

Strategic Investment And Market Resilience

Vrachimis concludes that sustained growth will depend on targeted investment, product upgrading, and continued market diversification. Strengthening year-round offerings, improving infrastructure capacity, and promoting higher-value experiences can help balance demand while preserving long-term competitiveness. These measures are essential not only to manage overtourism risks but also to ensure tourism remains a stable pillar of Cyprus’ economic development.

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