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Cyprus Gearing Up To Tap International Markets Following Upward Ratings Momentum

The Finance Ministry is considering tapping international capital markets, utilising the positive momentum generated after repetitive upgrades of Cyprus’ sovereign credit rating by international rating agencies.

Cyprus has enjoyed two upgrades by rating agencies Standard and Poor’s and Fitch to “BBB+” with a positive outlook in the last two weeks, while Moody’s has revised Cyprus’ outlook to positive while affirming its Baa2 rating. Since 2023 Cyrpus’ long-term credit rating has been upgraded to invest-grade status by all rating agencies.

Sources have told CNA that the aim of the market exit is a ten-year bond, noting however that issues like the maturity and final amount to be issued are determined in consultation with the issuance’s advisor (to be assigned by the Public Debt Management Office, PDMO) as well as the prevailing market conditions.

The PDMO said that Cyprus financing needs for 2024 amount to €1.4 billion, of which €1 billion will be secured by an issuance via the European Medium-Term Note programme.

Furthermore, the PDMO said in its annual report for 2023 that the aim for the next years is to issue bonds worth at least between €1 and €1.5 billion EMTN bonds annually, to secure the government’s annual financing needs.

The PDMO aims to smoothen Cyprus’ debt maturity curve, with longer maturity bonds, provided that the market conditions and the high-interest rate environment permit it.

The same source said the momentum for Cyprus, following the recent credit rating upgrades, is favourable.

Positive momentum is also created by the steadily declining trend in the debt-to-GDP ratio which is also favoured by Cyprus’ strong growth rate, which in the first quarter of 2024 amounted to 3.4% year on year, which was the third highest in the EU following Malta and Croatia, while in quarterly terms, Cyprus exhibited the second highest (1.2% seasonally adjusted) growth rate behind Malta.

Competition Authority Launches Comprehensive Review of ExxonMobil Cyprus Acquisition

Investigation Initiated Over Strategic Acquisition

The Competition Protection Authority has commenced a thorough investigation into the acquisition of ExxonMobil Cyprus Limited’s share capital by Petrolina Holdings Public Ltd through Med Energywise Ltd. This inquiry was formally initiated following a session held on 10 September 2025, after an in-depth review of the pertinent report by the Authority’s Service.

Concerns Over Market Compatibility

Authorities have expressed serious concerns regarding the compatibility of the transaction with established competitive practices. The review indicates that the acquisition may affect several critical petroleum markets, both horizontally and vertically, thereby raising the potential for adverse impacts on market dynamics.

Horizontal Market Dynamics

On the horizontal front, potential effects have been identified in the import market for petroleum products, as well as in both wholesale and retail distribution channels of these products. The consolidation is believed to increase the risk of price rises and coordinated actions, given the direct competitive proximity between Petrolina and ExxonMobil.

Vertical and Adjacent Market Implications

Vertical aspects of the merger are also under close scrutiny. The new entity could restrict competitors’ access to critical infrastructure such as storage facilities, supply channels, and customer bases. These restrictions could further affect the onshore distribution of fuels, the wholesale market for lubricants, and specialized technical services connected with fuel station operations.

Local Market Considerations

Particular attention is being paid to the potential concentration in the retail fuel market. The investigation suggests that a reduced competitive landscape within a four-kilometer radius of the companies’ fuel stations could lead to diminished local competition, adversely impacting consumer prices and options.

Next Steps and Industry Impact

The Competition Protection Authority, which reached a unanimous decision to pursue a full investigation, remains open to submissions from parties that might be affected by this transaction, as mandated by current legislation. A final decision is expected within four months upon receipt of all necessary evidence, potentially setting a significant precedent for future market consolidation cases in the energy sector.

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