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Cyprus Government Budget 2025: Execution Remains Strong Amid Fiscal Adjustments

Overview Of The 2025 Government Budget Implementation

The General Accounting Office reported solid execution of the 2025 government budget, with revenues reaching 87% of projections and expenditures reaching 92% of planned levels. By comparison, execution rates in 2024 stood at 96% for revenues and 91% for spending.

Projected state revenue for 2025 totals €10.20 billion, down from €10.81 billion in 2024, while planned expenditures declined to €11.99 billion from €12.42 billion a year earlier.

Revenue Performance: Borrowing Contractions And Tax Increases

The decline in overall revenue was largely driven by reduced borrowing, which fell to €0.10 billion from €1.17 billion in 2024. The shortfall was partially offset by stronger tax collection.

Direct taxes increased by €0.37 billion, while indirect taxes rose by €0.17 billion. VAT receipts reached €3.16 billion, up from €3.08 billion in the previous year, supported by higher consumption activity. Direct tax revenues rose 6%, driven mainly by higher personal and corporate income tax collections, which reached €3.79 billion.

Expenditure Management: Lower Debt Costs And Higher Social Support

On the expenditure side, reduced loan repayments lowered overall spending by €0.84 billion. At the same time, social benefits and transfers increased.

Social benefits rose by €0.10 billion to €2.02 billion, reflecting higher healthcare-related spending and increased allocations to the Renewable Energy Sources Fund. Transfers and grants grew by €0.18 billion, reaching €1.93 billion, supported by higher contributions to the Social Security Fund and increased subsidies to municipalities.

Development And Capital Expenditures: Infrastructure Focus

Capital expenditure execution reached €469.3 million in 2025, with investment concentrated in road infrastructure, construction projects, water and wastewater systems, and public facilities, including educational buildings.

Co-financed projects totaled €336.3 million, supporting non-governmental initiatives such as education and child nutrition programs, housing renovation schemes, and digital transformation projects.

Historical Context And Overall Performance

The report notes that average government spending execution over the past decade has been around 91%, placing 2025 in line with historical performance. Development expenditure execution reached 81%, improving from the long-term average of 69%, partly reflecting a €67.1 million reduction in the initial budget allocation.

For further details on the state budget and fiscal performance, you may refer to the official report by the General Accounting Office and the continuing analysis available from financial news platforms, including reports on government budgeting.

Bank of Cyprus Upgrade Signals Fresh Optimism For Greek And Cypriot Banks

Regional Banks Enter A More Favorable Cycle

Bank of Cyprus and Eurobank are well positioned to benefit from a renewed re-rating of Greek and Cypriot bank stocks, according to Cyprus-based investment firm Roemer Capital, which upgraded Bank of Cyprus to a buy rating and reaffirmed its positive view on Eurobank.

The firm cited easing geopolitical tensions, resilient economic growth in Greece and Cyprus, lower funding costs and Greece’s expected transition to developed-market status as the main factors supporting the sector.

Roemer Capital also lowered its cost of equity assumptions, updated its forecasts following first-quarter 2026 results and extended its valuation horizon to the end of 2027, raising target prices across its banking coverage.

Bank Of Cyprus Gets The Largest Upgrade

Bank of Cyprus received the biggest revision, with Roemer Capital upgrading the stock from hold to buy and setting a target price of €11.10, implying potential total upside of 27%.

The firm highlighted the bank’s strong capital generation, profitability and projected 100% dividend payout, describing it as the strongest capital-return story among the banks under coverage. Roemer Capital maintained its buy rating on Eurobank, assigning a target price of €4.90 and forecasting potential upside of 28%. The report said the bank is well placed to benefit from loan growth, improving operating performance and merger-and-acquisition synergies.

National Bank of Greece and Piraeus Bank also retained buy ratings, with expected returns ranging from 25% to 36%. Optima Bank was upgraded to buy, while Alpha Bank remained at hold on valuation grounds.

Why Growth Still Sets The Region Apart

According to Roemer Capital, Greek and Cypriot banks continue to benefit from stronger economic fundamentals than many western European peers. The report pointed to faster economic growth, healthier balance sheets, low levels of non-performing exposures, capital ratios approaching 20% and strong customer deposit bases.

Analysts expect performing loans across the sector to grow at a compound annual rate of 6% to 8% through 2028, supported by private investment, digitalisation, green manufacturing, supply-chain expansion and a gradual recovery in household lending.

The report also said the conclusion of lending under the EU Recovery and Resilience Facility is unlikely to materially affect credit growth, as banks have already shifted back towards traditional commercial lending. Roemer Capital expects Euribor to remain between 2.2% and 2.5%, a level it believes should support both lending activity and net interest margins.

Geopolitics, Valuation And Market Structure Support The Case

The report said improving geopolitical conditions have strengthened the investment outlook, noting that Brent crude prices have largely returned to pre-war levels while Greek government bond yields have stabilised at around 3.5%. Although geopolitical risks remain, Roemer Capital believes the likelihood of a major inflationary shock or significant pressure on bank profitability has eased.

Another important catalyst identified by the firm is Greece’s expected promotion to developed-market status by FTSE Russell, STOXX and MSCI over the coming months.

According to the report, the reclassification should improve liquidity and attract a broader base of international investors. Roemer Capital also said Euronext’s acquisition of the Athens Exchange is expected to strengthen market infrastructure and increase international visibility, particularly for Bank of Cyprus and Optima Bank.

The firm noted that Bank of Cyprus has already benefited from its Athens listing, with average daily trading value increasing from less than €400,000 before its September 2024 move to nearly €6 million afterwards.

Economic Momentum Remains A Core Tailwind

Roemer Capital said both Greece and Cyprus have moved beyond post-crisis recovery and are now supported by private-sector-led growth. For Cyprus, the report highlighted recent tax reform and efforts to simplify the legal and regulatory framework, while also noting that limited foreign banking competition continues to support domestic lenders.

Overall, Roemer Capital expects Greek and Cypriot banks to remain well-positioned for profitable loan growth over the coming years.

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