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Cyprus Investment Funds Surge Amid Robust Private Equity Growth

Strong Growth In Cyprus Collective Investments

The Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission (CySEC) reported continued expansion in the collective investments sector, with assets under management reaching €11.4 billion in the third quarter of 2025. The figure represents a quarterly increase of 7.5%, reflecting stronger investor activity and shifts in asset allocation across multiple sectors.

Comprehensive Sector Overview

According to CySEC’s quarterly bulletin, regulators oversaw 312 management companies and collective investment undertakings during the period, compared with 323 a year earlier. The sector includes externally managed and internally managed UCIs, as well as external fund managers. The market structure comprised 46 AIFMs, 44 sub-threshold AIFMs, two UCITS management companies and three entities operating under dual licenses.

Asset Allocation And Investment Trends

Total assets under management were partitioned among various investment strategies: 63% by AIFMs, 17% by AIFMs and UCITS management companies jointly, 10% by UCITS management companies, 9% by sub-threshold AIFMs, and 1% from regulated UCIs managed by foreign fund managers. Within the UCITS segment, 85.8% of assets were directed toward transferable securities, while AIFs, AIFLNPs, and RAIFs notably invested 30.7% in private equity, 17% in real estate, and 14.5% in hedge funds.

Dominance Of Private Equity Investments

Private equity remains a core component of the sector’s portfolios. Multi-strategy capital accounted for 38.9% of private equity investments, followed by growth capital at 34.1% and venture capital at 16.9%. Mezzanine financing represented 0.5%. Additional exposure included equity capital, fixed income, cash and cash equivalents, infrastructure and commodities, each contributing smaller shares to overall allocations.

Regional Investment Focus And Sectoral Exposure

Approximately 69.7% of assets were held within 205 UCIs domiciled in Cyprus, including 11 UCITS, 51 AIFs, 40 AIFLNPs and 103 RAIFs. Of the 230 UCIs in operation, 165 invested at least partially in Cyprus, totaling more than €2.8 billion, or nearly one-quarter of total assets under management. Within these investments, 71.1% were directed toward private equity projects, while 12.8% were allocated to real estate.

Investor Demographics And Sector Specific Investments

Investor profiles differ across fund types. The UCITS segment remains predominantly retail-driven, with retail investors accounting for 99.2% of participants, totaling 8,727 individuals. In contrast, AIFs, AIFLNPs and RAIFs attracted a more diversified investor base, including 64.7% well-informed investors, 26% professional investors and 9.4% retail investors.

Sector-specific allocations included €471.6 million in energy, €106.9 million in fintech, €581.8 million in shipping and €97.9 million in sustainable investments.

An Evolving Landscape

The latest figures underscore a robust expansion of Cyprus’ collective investments sector. With private equity leading the charge, these developments not only emphasize strategic shifts in asset allocation but also highlight Cyprus’ growing prominence as a critical hub for global investment activities.

Copyright Law Struggles To Keep Up With AI Training

Courts Are Still Applying Old Copyright Rules To AI

AI companies train models on enormous amounts of published material, including books, articles and academic research. Whether using that content without authors’ permission violates copyright law remains unresolved.

Much of the debate centres on fair use, which allows copyrighted material to be used without permission in certain circumstances. Courts consider factors such as the purpose of the use, how much material was involved and its impact on the original market.

Anthropic Case Sets An Important Precedent

A major case involving Anthropic and a group of authors provided one of the clearest rulings so far. Judge William Alsup found that using copyrighted books to train AI models was lawful, comparing the process to people reading and studying literature before creating something new.

Anthropic was nevertheless ordered to pay $1.5 billion in a settlement. The penalty concerned books the company had obtained from illegal online libraries rather than the AI training itself.

For AI companies, that distinction could prove significant because it separates studying copyrighted material from directly copying it.

Competition Could Be The Key Issue

A case involving Thomson Reuters and Ross Intelligence offers a different perspective. A court ruled that Ross could not claim fair use after using Reuters’ copyrighted material to develop a competing AI-powered legal research platform.

The decision suggests courts may be less willing to consider AI training fair use when copyrighted content is used to build a product that directly competes with the original.

For authors, an unresolved question is whether AI-generated content should be considered competition for the works used to train these models.

The Law Has Yet To Catch Up

US copyright law predates generative AI by decades, leaving courts to apply old principles to new technology. Questions also remain over copyright protection for AI-generated works. In Thaler v. Perlmutter, a court ruled that material created entirely by AI cannot receive copyright protection.

Major AI companies remain involved in copyright litigation, and different courts could reach different conclusions. For now, there is no universal rule: the legality of AI training will depend on the circumstances of each case and how courts ultimately interpret copyright and fair use.

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