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Greek Labor Minister Outlines Dual Minimum Wage Increases Through 2028

Greek Labor Minister Giannis Panagiotou confirmed that the national minimum wage is set for two revisions before 2028. The first revision, expected to be decreed in December 2025 and take effect in January 2026, marks a definitive step following the parliamentary Economic Committee’s review of the Ministry of Labor’s 2026 budget. A second revision is anticipated in December 2027, with its implementation planned for 2028.

Economic Outlook And Advisory Process

The minister stated unequivocally that an increase in the minimum wage is guaranteed from January 2026. Although details regarding the scale of the adjustment remain forthcoming pending further consultations with the advisory committee, the plan reflects optimism about the positive trajectory of the national economy. Notably, approximately 55,000 workers who receive the minimum wage are expected to benefit.

European Directive Compliance And Wage Adequacy

In addition to establishing the timeline for wage increases, the minister emphasized steps toward complying with the European directive on wage adequacy, recently upheld by the European Court of Justice. Social partners will soon be invited to the inaugural meeting of the advisory committee dedicated to revising the minimum wage, underscoring the collaborative approach taken in these adjustments.

Legislative Measures And Pension Reform

Looking ahead, the first quarter of 2026 is set to witness the submission of an action plan on wage adequacy to the European Commission, followed by the introduction of legislation in Parliament to transpose the directive. Additionally, considerations such as the treatment of arrears for the minimum wage will cover the two preceding years cumulatively. In a related move, the minister assured that drafts for pension reform will be submitted later this year, with the reforms expected to be implemented by 2027.

Cyprus Hits Historic Tourism Peak As Overtourism Risks Mount

Record-Breaking Performance In Tourism

Cyprus’ tourism sector achieved unprecedented success in 2025 with record-breaking arrivals and revenues. According to Eurobank analyst Konstantinos Vrachimis, the island’s performance was underpinned by solid real income growth and enhanced market diversification.

Robust Growth In Arrivals And Revenues

Total tourist arrivals reached 4.5 million in 2025, rising 12.2% from 4 million in 2024, with momentum sustained through the final quarter. Tourism receipts for the January–November period climbed to €3.6 billion, marking a 15.3% year-on-year increase that exceeded inflation. The improvement was not driven by volume alone. Average expenditure per visitor increased by 4.6%, while daily spending rose by 9.2%, indicating stronger purchasing power and higher-value tourism activity.

Economic Impact And Diversification Of Source Markets

The stronger performance translated into tangible gains for the broader services economy, lifting real tourism-related income and overall sector turnover. Demand patterns are also shifting. While the United Kingdom remains Cyprus’ largest source market, its relative share has moderated as arrivals from Israel, Germany, Italy, the Czech Republic, the Netherlands, Austria, and Poland have expanded. This gradual diversification reduces dependency on a single market and strengthens resilience against external shocks.

Enhanced Air Connectivity And Seasonal Dynamics

Air connectivity has improved markedly in 2025, with flight volumes expanding substantially compared to 2019. This expansion is driven by increased airline capacity, enhanced route coverage, and more frequent flights, supporting demand during shoulder seasons and reducing overreliance on peak-month flows. Seasonal patterns remain prominent, with arrivals building through the spring and peaking in summer, thereby bolstering employment, fiscal receipts, and corporate earnings across hospitality, transport, and retail sectors.

Structural Risks And Future Considerations

Despite strong headline figures, structural challenges remain. The European Commission’s EU Tourism Dashboard highlights tourism intensity, seasonality, and market concentration as key risk indicators. Cyprus records a high ratio of overnight stays relative to its resident population, signalling potential overtourism pressures. Continued reliance on a limited group of origin markets also exposes the sector to geopolitical uncertainty and sudden demand swings. Seasonal peaks place additional strain on infrastructure, housing availability, labour supply, and natural resources, particularly water.

Strategic Investment And Market Resilience

Vrachimis concludes that sustained growth will depend on targeted investment, product upgrading, and continued market diversification. Strengthening year-round offerings, improving infrastructure capacity, and promoting higher-value experiences can help balance demand while preserving long-term competitiveness. These measures are essential not only to manage overtourism risks but also to ensure tourism remains a stable pillar of Cyprus’ economic development.

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