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Greek Shipping Dominates Global Merchant Fleet With Strategic Growth and Innovation

Greek Shipping: A Dominant Global Force

Greek shipowners command an impressive 21 percent of the world’s merchant fleet, boasting 5,520 vessels that secure their position as the foremost maritime power. Over the past decade, fleet capacity has surged by 50 percent, reflecting both resilience and a strategic adaptation to evolving global trade patterns.

Significant Market Share Across Multiple Segments

The strategic breadth of Greek shipping is evident in its impressive market shares: 31.27 percent of the global oil tanker fleet, 25.32 percent of bulk carriers, and 22.65 percent of the liquefied natural gas fleet. Moreover, Greek-owned vessels represent 15.79 percent of the chemical and petroleum product fleet, 11.46 percent of LPG carriers, and 8.92 percent of container ships. With more than 98 percent of their transport capacity deployed on routes connecting third countries, Greek operators play a pivotal role in the global supply chain.

Fleet Renewal and Environmental Commitment

Investment in fleet renewal is gathering unmatched momentum. With new ship orders reaching 241 in 2023—a 40 percent increase from the previous year—the industry is increasingly focused on enhancing environmental performance. This shift is in direct response to tightening international regulations and a broader move towards sustainable operations. Additionally, the average size of Greek-owned vessels stands at 81,395 deadweight tonnes, nearly double the global average, enabling significant economies of scale and competitive long-haul transport costs. Notably, the Greek fleet is among the youngest worldwide, with an average age of around 10 years compared to the global average of 11.

Complementary Roles: Cyprus and the Global Maritime Network

While Greece maintains its lead in tonnage, Cyprus complements this success by emerging as one of Europe’s leading maritime management centers. Deputy Shipping Minister Marina Hadjimanolis has stressed the strategic importance of expanding the Cypriot registry, highlighted by an 18 percent increase in gross tonnage over the past 16 months and a 15 percent rise in companies opting for the tonnage tax regime. Cyprus’s commitment to digital innovation and greener operations is further underscored by ongoing efforts to digitalize shipping services, with new offerings expected by May 2025.

Global Value in Challenging Times

On the international stage, the real value of the Cypriot flag becomes particularly evident during periods of global uncertainty. Cypriot maritime authorities provide robust support through overseas offices and active engagement, contributing nearly 7 percent to the nation’s GDP. This synergy between Greek strength and Cypriot innovation underscores a broader narrative of leadership and strategic adaptation in the maritime sector.

Copyright Law Struggles To Keep Up With AI Training

Courts Are Still Applying Old Copyright Rules To AI

AI companies train models on enormous amounts of published material, including books, articles and academic research. Whether using that content without authors’ permission violates copyright law remains unresolved.

Much of the debate centres on fair use, which allows copyrighted material to be used without permission in certain circumstances. Courts consider factors such as the purpose of the use, how much material was involved and its impact on the original market.

Anthropic Case Sets An Important Precedent

A major case involving Anthropic and a group of authors provided one of the clearest rulings so far. Judge William Alsup found that using copyrighted books to train AI models was lawful, comparing the process to people reading and studying literature before creating something new.

Anthropic was nevertheless ordered to pay $1.5 billion in a settlement. The penalty concerned books the company had obtained from illegal online libraries rather than the AI training itself.

For AI companies, that distinction could prove significant because it separates studying copyrighted material from directly copying it.

Competition Could Be The Key Issue

A case involving Thomson Reuters and Ross Intelligence offers a different perspective. A court ruled that Ross could not claim fair use after using Reuters’ copyrighted material to develop a competing AI-powered legal research platform.

The decision suggests courts may be less willing to consider AI training fair use when copyrighted content is used to build a product that directly competes with the original.

For authors, an unresolved question is whether AI-generated content should be considered competition for the works used to train these models.

The Law Has Yet To Catch Up

US copyright law predates generative AI by decades, leaving courts to apply old principles to new technology. Questions also remain over copyright protection for AI-generated works. In Thaler v. Perlmutter, a court ruled that material created entirely by AI cannot receive copyright protection.

Major AI companies remain involved in copyright litigation, and different courts could reach different conclusions. For now, there is no universal rule: the legality of AI training will depend on the circumstances of each case and how courts ultimately interpret copyright and fair use.

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