Court Overturns €6.4 Million Fine in Insider Trading Dispute

Overview of the Landmark Decision

The Administrative Court has annulled a significant fine exceeding €6.4 million imposed by the Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission (CySEC) on Greek siblings Ioannis and Amalia Vardinogiannis. The ruling concerns allegations of insider trading linked to strategic movements in the shipping sector and shareholding transactions in a listed company.

Key Transaction and Allegations

Central to the case was a transaction dated March 29, 2007, when Amalia Vardinogiannis acquired 19,358,487 shares at €0.09 each on the Cyprus Stock Exchange. The total outlay amounted to €1,742,264. On June 29, 2007, these shares were divested at €0.42 each, generating proceeds of €8,130,565 and yielding a profit of €6,388,301. CySEC contended that this profit indirectly benefited Ioannis Vardinogiannis, with Amalia acting as a proxy. The commission argued that the decision violated specific market conduct regulations against exploiting insider information.

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Investigation and Procedural Developments

Investigations into the matter began in November 2007 with the appointment of investigating officers by CySEC. A sequence of procedural challenges ensued following personnel changes and legal disputes regarding the constitution of CySEC’s board. Notably, a Supreme Court judgment in an unrelated case underscored procedural deficiencies that led to the withdrawal and subsequent readjustment of initial sanctions. By February 2013, the commission’s decisions were annulled due to concerns over the legal standing of its members.

Judicial Analysis and Conclusion

In its recent decision, the Administrative Court found that the objections raised by Ioannis and Amalia Vardinogiannis regarding the flawed constitution of CySEC’s decision-making body were sufficient to annul the fines imposed. The court emphasized, “They cannot, by invoking article 22 of Law 158(I)/1999, save the legality of previously adopted decisions, especially when a final ruling has already deemed the constitution deficient.” As a result, the decisions adopted during the defective session were declared unlawful and rescinded. Additionally, each appellant was awarded legal costs of €1,700 plus VAT.

Implications for Regulatory Oversight

This outcome not only clears the Vardinogiannis siblings of the administrative sanctions but also highlights the critical importance of proper regulatory governance and adherence to legal protocols. The case serves as a potent reminder for market regulators to maintain rigorous standards in the constitution and operation of their decision-making bodies to ensure the integrity of enforcement actions.

The Future Forbes Realty Global Properties

Cyprus Foreclosure Reform Debate Intensifies Amid Rising Non-Performing Loans

by THEFUTURE.TEAM

February 18, 2026

Political Stakes And Foreclosure Regulation

Cypriot political parties are engaging in a high-stakes debate in parliament as they deliberate changes to the legal framework governing foreclosures ahead of the May parliamentary elections. The proposed shifts are aimed at curbing the rapid escalation in the value of non-performing loans, a trend that has sparked significant public and legislative concern. Confidential data from the Central Bank of Cyprus indicates that the nation has not yet moved away from its longstanding issues related to so-called “red loans.”

Non-Performing Loans: A Mounting Financial Challenge

Recent figures show that the value of distressed loans has continued to rise, surpassing €20 billion following transfers involving banks and credit recovery companies. This level exceeds the approximately €15 billion recorded during the economic crisis period. Central Bank data indicates that after loan sales, credit recovery firms now manage portfolios totaling €19.7 billion, of which €18.5 billion are classified as non-performing. About 87% of these loans are considered terminated, while the firms acquired 141,478 loans for €3.2 billion, roughly 80% below their original value.

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Credit Recovery Companies: Overshooting Investment Returns

By June, credit recovery companies had recovered €5.7 billion through a combination of cash repayments, judicial asset auctions and property-for-debt exchanges. Cash repayments accounted for €3.6 billion, judicial recoveries contributed €619 million, and property swaps added €1.5 billion. These recoveries exceeded the original purchase cost of many loan portfolios while overall balances continued to increase due to accrued interest, a development that remains a concern for policymakers.

Bank Portfolios And The Impact On Financial Stability

Data from the State Guarantee Fund for Deposits and Loans shows that 77,561 loans valued at €7.5 billion were transferred, leaving a remaining balance of €5.7 billion by June 2025, of which €5 billion are non-performing. Within the banking sector, non-performing loans totaled €1.45 billion across 24,736 accounts as of last June. Since December 2024, these figures have improved by approximately €86 million due to repayments and asset recoveries. The reduction in problematic loans has lowered bank exposure compared with levels recorded during the 2013 crisis.

Legislative Proposals And Government Considerations

Political leaders argue that adjustments to foreclosure procedures can be introduced without undermining banking stability. Parliament’s Economic Committee is scheduled to begin discussions on March 9, with an estimated 20 to 30 legislative proposals currently pending from multiple parties. While the Ministry of Finance has not announced immediate legislative action, officials are evaluating the potential reintroduction of elements of the Rent-Versus-Rate plan for vulnerable borrowers, subject to fiscal impact assessments.

Advocacy From AKEL And Environmental Groups

Proposals supported by the AKEL party and several civil organizations focus on strengthening legal protections for borrowers. Among the suggested measures is restoring the right to seek judicial relief to delay foreclosures in cases involving disputed charges or alleged abusive contract clauses. AKEL representative Aristos Damianou criticized the pace of foreclosure proceedings and warned of risks to primary residences and small businesses.

Proposals Targeting Guarantors And Foreclosure Processes

The Democratic Rally party has introduced a proposal aimed at limiting guarantor liability during foreclosure procedures. Under the draft measure, if a property is auctioned or repossessed, the guarantor’s responsibility would be capped at the original loan amount adjusted by recovered sums. The proposal also requires that enforcement actions against guarantors be suspended until a court ruling is issued if the borrower formally disputes the debt.

Revisions Proposed By The Democratic Party of Cyprus

The Democratic Party is also preparing new legislative measures to be introduced on Thursday. Party leader Mario Karogian outlined plans to suspend the foreclosures of primary residences valued up to €350,000 until the end of the year, allowing time to address legislative gaps. Additional proposals include broadening the powers of the Financial Ombudsperson to make binding decisions on disputes up to €50,000, enforcing the Central Bank’s code of conduct, and ensuring strict adherence to refinancing guidelines for first residences.

Outlook And Strategic Implications

The range of proposals reflects an ongoing effort to balance financial system stability with stronger consumer protections. Decisions made in the coming months are expected to shape the regulatory environment for foreclosures and influence broader confidence in Cyprus’ financial sector and economic outlook.

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