Cypriot Banks Excel in EU Profitability and Capital Adequacy Rankings

Impressive Profitability Figures

Cypriot banks have emerged as standout performers within the European Union, recording one of the nation’s highest profit margins and capital adequacy ratios by the end of 2024, according to the European Central Bank. At a return on equity (RoE) of 17.7%, Cyprus stands third in the EU – a notable increase from 14.7% in the third quarter of 2024, although slightly below the 21.9% reached at the end of 2023.

Comparative European Performance

The comparative landscape within the EU illustrates robust competition, with Romania topping the profitability charts at a RoE of 21.9%, rising from 18.0% the previous quarter. Hungary secured second place with a 19.7% return, reflecting significant improvements over the previous quarter. In contrast, the EU average hovered at 9.3%, while the euro area reported an average of 8.9% by year-end 2024.

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Capital Adequacy and Resilience

Beyond profitability, Cypriot banks have demonstrated considerable capital strength. The common equity tier 1 (CET1) ratio, a critical indicator of capitalization relative to risk-weighted assets, was reported at 20.1% at the close of 2024 – ranking Cyprus fifth among EU member states, and notably above the EU average of 16.3%. This robust capital buffer is a key safeguard against credit risks and reinforces investor confidence.

Declining Non-performing Loans

Once a glaring vulnerability post the 2013 financial crisis, non-performing loans (NPLs) in Cyprus have seen a marked decline, dropping to 1.6% by December 2024. This improvement, set against a modest increase in the broader EU NPL ratio, underscores the effectiveness of strategic restructurings, enhanced regulatory oversight, and improved risk management practices.

Sector Transformation and Future Outlook

Wim Mijs, Director General of the European Banking Federation, has highlighted the remarkable transformation of Cyprus’ financial institutions since the 2013 crisis. With banks now more resilient and aligned with global best practices, the sector is well-equipped to navigate future economic headwinds, notwithstanding global uncertainties such as geopolitical tensions and monetary policy adjustments. The positive trends reported by the ECB, encompassing over 1,000 euro area banks, reinforce the broader narrative of a resilient banking environment driven by higher interest income and controlled credit risks.

Conclusion

The impressive performance of Cypriot banks, evidenced by superior profitability, robust capital adequacy, and declining NPLs, represents a significant turnaround story. These developments not only validate the structural reforms implemented over the past decade but also position Cyprus as a model of resilience amidst the competitive European financial landscape.

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Cyprus Foreclosure Reform Debate Intensifies Amid Rising Non-Performing Loans

by THEFUTURE.TEAM

February 18, 2026

Political Stakes And Foreclosure Regulation

Cypriot political parties are engaging in a high-stakes debate in parliament as they deliberate changes to the legal framework governing foreclosures ahead of the May parliamentary elections. The proposed shifts are aimed at curbing the rapid escalation in the value of non-performing loans, a trend that has sparked significant public and legislative concern. Confidential data from the Central Bank of Cyprus indicates that the nation has not yet moved away from its longstanding issues related to so-called “red loans.”

Non-Performing Loans: A Mounting Financial Challenge

Recent figures show that the value of distressed loans has continued to rise, surpassing €20 billion following transfers involving banks and credit recovery companies. This level exceeds the approximately €15 billion recorded during the economic crisis period. Central Bank data indicates that after loan sales, credit recovery firms now manage portfolios totaling €19.7 billion, of which €18.5 billion are classified as non-performing. About 87% of these loans are considered terminated, while the firms acquired 141,478 loans for €3.2 billion, roughly 80% below their original value.

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Credit Recovery Companies: Overshooting Investment Returns

By June, credit recovery companies had recovered €5.7 billion through a combination of cash repayments, judicial asset auctions and property-for-debt exchanges. Cash repayments accounted for €3.6 billion, judicial recoveries contributed €619 million, and property swaps added €1.5 billion. These recoveries exceeded the original purchase cost of many loan portfolios while overall balances continued to increase due to accrued interest, a development that remains a concern for policymakers.

Bank Portfolios And The Impact On Financial Stability

Data from the State Guarantee Fund for Deposits and Loans shows that 77,561 loans valued at €7.5 billion were transferred, leaving a remaining balance of €5.7 billion by June 2025, of which €5 billion are non-performing. Within the banking sector, non-performing loans totaled €1.45 billion across 24,736 accounts as of last June. Since December 2024, these figures have improved by approximately €86 million due to repayments and asset recoveries. The reduction in problematic loans has lowered bank exposure compared with levels recorded during the 2013 crisis.

Legislative Proposals And Government Considerations

Political leaders argue that adjustments to foreclosure procedures can be introduced without undermining banking stability. Parliament’s Economic Committee is scheduled to begin discussions on March 9, with an estimated 20 to 30 legislative proposals currently pending from multiple parties. While the Ministry of Finance has not announced immediate legislative action, officials are evaluating the potential reintroduction of elements of the Rent-Versus-Rate plan for vulnerable borrowers, subject to fiscal impact assessments.

Advocacy From AKEL And Environmental Groups

Proposals supported by the AKEL party and several civil organizations focus on strengthening legal protections for borrowers. Among the suggested measures is restoring the right to seek judicial relief to delay foreclosures in cases involving disputed charges or alleged abusive contract clauses. AKEL representative Aristos Damianou criticized the pace of foreclosure proceedings and warned of risks to primary residences and small businesses.

Proposals Targeting Guarantors And Foreclosure Processes

The Democratic Rally party has introduced a proposal aimed at limiting guarantor liability during foreclosure procedures. Under the draft measure, if a property is auctioned or repossessed, the guarantor’s responsibility would be capped at the original loan amount adjusted by recovered sums. The proposal also requires that enforcement actions against guarantors be suspended until a court ruling is issued if the borrower formally disputes the debt.

Revisions Proposed By The Democratic Party of Cyprus

The Democratic Party is also preparing new legislative measures to be introduced on Thursday. Party leader Mario Karogian outlined plans to suspend the foreclosures of primary residences valued up to €350,000 until the end of the year, allowing time to address legislative gaps. Additional proposals include broadening the powers of the Financial Ombudsperson to make binding decisions on disputes up to €50,000, enforcing the Central Bank’s code of conduct, and ensuring strict adherence to refinancing guidelines for first residences.

Outlook And Strategic Implications

The range of proposals reflects an ongoing effort to balance financial system stability with stronger consumer protections. Decisions made in the coming months are expected to shape the regulatory environment for foreclosures and influence broader confidence in Cyprus’ financial sector and economic outlook.

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