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Central Bank Revises Growth Forecast Amid Robust Domestic Demand in Cyprus

by THEFUTURE.TEAM

June 21, 2025

Revised Economic Projections and Domestic Demand

The Central Bank of Cyprus has slightly downgraded its 2025 GDP growth forecast to 3.1 per cent from its previous estimate of 3.2 per cent, alongside a marked reduction in projected inflation from 2.1 per cent to 1.5 per cent. These adjustments were made before the recent escalations in the Israel-Iran conflict, meaning any subsequent economic reverberations have not been factored into the current outlook.

Strength in Private Consumption and Investment

Underlying the forecast is a steady rise in domestic demand, powered primarily by increased private consumption due to higher real disposable incomes and a resilient labor market. Large-scale non-residential investments, strategic infrastructure projects supporting digital and green initiatives, and various reforms under the Recovery and Resilience Plan are also expected to bolster consumer spending and overall economic activity.

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Inflation and Sectoral Performance

Inflationary pressures are moderating, as reflected in the drop in the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices to 1.5 per cent for 2025. This decline is chiefly attributed to easing energy prices and effective monetary policies, although upward pressures are anticipated in the subsequent years due to rising energy and food costs. The role of the technology sector in enhancing net exports and the diversification of financial, professional, and shipping services further underline the economy’s adaptive strengths.

Labor Market Dynamics and Employment Trends

The robust labor market continues to play a key role in supporting the Cypriot economy. With unemployment expected to decline to 4.7 per cent in 2025, a trend corroborated by the European Commission’s Economic Sentiment Surveys, the economy is on course towards near full employment in the coming years, even as slight upward revisions in unemployment rates are noted for 2026 and 2027 due to external uncertainties.

Risks and External Uncertainties

Despite the positive domestic trends, downside risks loom amidst volatile energy prices and uncertain global trade dynamics. The potential escalation of regional conflicts and variability in external demand could temper the economic outlook. Conversely, favorable outcomes from tax reforms, robust wage growth, and a diversified export portfolio stand as key upside factors.

In summary, the central bank’s forecast reflects a cautious yet resilient economic framework for Cyprus, driven by strong private demand and strategic investments, while remaining alert to the challenges posed by global geopolitical tensions and market uncertainties.

The Future Forbes Realty Global Properties

by News Editor

August 24, 2026

Courts Are Still Applying Old Copyright Rules To AI

AI companies train models on enormous amounts of published material, including books, articles and academic research. Whether using that content without authors’ permission violates copyright law remains unresolved.

Much of the debate centres on fair use, which allows copyrighted material to be used without permission in certain circumstances. Courts consider factors such as the purpose of the use, how much material was involved and its impact on the original market.

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Anthropic Case Sets An Important Precedent

A major case involving Anthropic and a group of authors provided one of the clearest rulings so far. Judge William Alsup found that using copyrighted books to train AI models was lawful, comparing the process to people reading and studying literature before creating something new.

Anthropic was nevertheless ordered to pay $1.5 billion in a settlement. The penalty concerned books the company had obtained from illegal online libraries rather than the AI training itself.

For AI companies, that distinction could prove significant because it separates studying copyrighted material from directly copying it.

Competition Could Be The Key Issue

A case involving Thomson Reuters and Ross Intelligence offers a different perspective. A court ruled that Ross could not claim fair use after using Reuters’ copyrighted material to develop a competing AI-powered legal research platform.

The decision suggests courts may be less willing to consider AI training fair use when copyrighted content is used to build a product that directly competes with the original.

For authors, an unresolved question is whether AI-generated content should be considered competition for the works used to train these models.

The Law Has Yet To Catch Up

US copyright law predates generative AI by decades, leaving courts to apply old principles to new technology. Questions also remain over copyright protection for AI-generated works. In Thaler v. Perlmutter, a court ruled that material created entirely by AI cannot receive copyright protection.

Major AI companies remain involved in copyright litigation, and different courts could reach different conclusions. For now, there is no universal rule: the legality of AI training will depend on the circumstances of each case and how courts ultimately interpret copyright and fair use.